Wenjing Song1, Hafiz Khuram Raza1, Li Lu2, Zuohui Zhang1, Jie Zu1, Wei Zhang1, Liguo Dong1, Chuanying Xu1, Xiangyao Gong1, Bingchen Lv3, Guiyun Cui4. 1. Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People's Republic of China. 2. Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People's Republic of China. 3. Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People's Republic of China. 4. Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, 221000, People's Republic of China. teachercuigy@126.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Freezing of gait (FOG), a common and disabling symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD), is characterized by an episodic inability to generate effective stepping. Functional MRI (fMRI) has been used to evaluate abnormal brain connectivity patterns at rest and brain activation patterns during specific tasks in patients with PD-FOG. This review has examined the existing functional neuroimaging literature in PD-FOG, including those with treatment. Summarizing these articles provides an opportunity for a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology in PD-FOG. METHODS: According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we performed a literature review of studies using fMRI to investigate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of PD-FOG. RESULTS: We initially identified 201 documents. After excluding the duplicates, reviews, and other irrelevant articles, 39 articles were finally identified, including 18 task-based fMRI studies and 21 resting-state fMRI studies. CONCLUSIONS: Studies using fMRI techniques to evaluate PD-FOG have found dysfunctional connectivity in widespread cortical and subcortical regions. Standardized imaging protocols and detailed subtypes of PD-FOG are furthered required to elucidate current findings.
BACKGROUND: Freezing of gait (FOG), a common and disabling symptom of Parkinson's disease (PD), is characterized by an episodic inability to generate effective stepping. Functional MRI (fMRI) has been used to evaluate abnormal brain connectivity patterns at rest and brain activation patterns during specific tasks in patients with PD-FOG. This review has examined the existing functional neuroimaging literature in PD-FOG, including those with treatment. Summarizing these articles provides an opportunity for a better understanding of the underlying pathophysiology in PD-FOG. METHODS: According to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, we performed a literature review of studies using fMRI to investigate the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms of PD-FOG. RESULTS: We initially identified 201 documents. After excluding the duplicates, reviews, and other irrelevant articles, 39 articles were finally identified, including 18 task-based fMRI studies and 21 resting-state fMRI studies. CONCLUSIONS: Studies using fMRI techniques to evaluate PD-FOG have found dysfunctional connectivity in widespread cortical and subcortical regions. Standardized imaging protocols and detailed subtypes of PD-FOG are furthered required to elucidate current findings.
Entities:
Keywords:
Freezing of gait; Functional MRI; Gait simulation; Motor imagery; Parkinson’s disease; Resting state
Authors: J M Shine; E Matar; S J Bolitho; V Dilda; T R Morris; S L Naismith; S T Moore; S J G Lewis Journal: Gait Posture Date: 2012-12-04 Impact factor: 2.840
Authors: John G Nutt; Bastiaan R Bloem; Nir Giladi; Mark Hallett; Fay B Horak; Alice Nieuwboer Journal: Lancet Neurol Date: 2011-08 Impact factor: 44.182
Authors: Yasuyuki Okuma; Ana Lígia Silva de Lima; Jiro Fukae; Bastiaan R Bloem; Anke H Snijders Journal: Parkinsonism Relat Disord Date: 2017-10-19 Impact factor: 4.891