Dengue and metabolomics in humans.

BACKGROUND: Dengue virus causes dengue fever (DF)disease, transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti. The symptoms could be severe and disable the affected individuals for weeks. The severe form, dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF), can lead to death if not adequately attended to. Due to global warming, the vector mosquito will advance over new areas and expose more people to this disease over the next decades. Despite the severity, there are no treatments nor efficient vaccines available. Metabolomic studies have shown a new perspective to understand this disease better at a new molecular level. AIM OF REVIEW: Many published works rely on samples obtained from animal studies. This review will mainly focus on human samples and cell culture experiments to view how the dengue virus affects the metabolomic profile. KEY SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS OF REVIEW: The review compiles the sample sources, metabolomic techniques used, the detected compounds, and how they behave in different DF stages. This disease causes a significant change in many metabolites, but some results are still conflicting between studies. The results gathered here show that metabolomic approaches prove to be an excellent and viable way to expand knowledge about DF.