Shawn Mondoux1,2,3, Iwona Bielska4,5, Ivy Cheng6,7. 1. Department of Emergency Medicine, St. Joseph's Healthcare Hamilton, Hamilton, ON, Canada. shawn.mondoux@medportal.ca. 2. Department of Medicine, Division of Emergency Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. shawn.mondoux@medportal.ca. 3. Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. shawn.mondoux@medportal.ca. 4. Department of Health Research Methods, Evidence and Impact, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. 5. Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. 6. Department of Emergency Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Center, Toronto, ON, Canada. 7. Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.