Li Liu1,2, Min Yang1, Wenxiao Dong1, Tianyu Liu1, Xueli Song1, Yu Gu1, Sinan Wang1, Yi Liu3,4, Zaripa Abla3, Xiaoming Qiao3, Wentian Liu1, Kui Jiang1, Bangmao Wang1, Jie Zhang1, Hailong Cao1,3. 1. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China. 2. Tianjin Children's Hospital, Tianjin, China. 3. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Hotan District People's Hospital, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Xinjiang, China. 4. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tianjin Third Central Hospital, Tianjin, China.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Patients with prolonged inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can develop into colorectal cancer (CRC), also called colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Studies have shown the association between gut dysbiosis, abnormal bile acid metabolism, and inflammation process. Here, we aimed to investigate these two factors in the CAC model. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated to two groups: azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) and control. The AOM/DSS group received AOM injection followed by DSS drinking water. Intestinal inflammation, mucosal barrier, and bile acid receptors were determined by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Fecal microbiome and bile acids were detected via 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: The AOM/DSS group exhibited severe mucosal barrier impairment, inflammatory response, and tumor formation. In the CAC model, the richness and biodiversity of gut microbiota were decreased, along with significant alteration of composition. The abundance of pathogens was increased, while the short-chain fatty acids producing bacteria were reduced. Interestingly, Clostridium XlV and Lactobacillus, which might be involved in the bile acid deconjugation, transformation, and desulfation, were significantly decreased. Accordingly, fecal bile acids were decreased, accompanied by reduced transformation of primary to secondary bile acids. Given bile acid receptors, the ileum farnesoid X receptor-fibroblast growth factor 15 (FXR-FGF15) axis was downregulated, while Takeda G-protein receptor 5 (TGR5) was overexpressed in colonic tumor tissues. CONCLUSION: Gut dysbiosis might alter the metabolism of bile acids and promote CAC, which would provide a potential preventive strategy of CAC by regulating gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism.
BACKGROUND: Patients with prolonged inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) can develop into colorectal cancer (CRC), also called colitis-associated cancer (CAC). Studies have shown the association between gut dysbiosis, abnormal bile acid metabolism, and inflammation process. Here, we aimed to investigate these two factors in the CAC model. METHODS: C57BL/6 mice were randomly allocated to two groups: azoxymethane/dextran sodium sulfate (AOM/DSS) and control. The AOM/DSS group received AOM injection followed by DSS drinking water. Intestinal inflammation, mucosal barrier, and bile acid receptors were determined by real-time PCR and immunohistochemistry. Fecal microbiome and bile acids were detected via 16S rRNA sequencing and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. RESULTS: The AOM/DSS group exhibited severe mucosal barrier impairment, inflammatory response, and tumor formation. In the CAC model, the richness and biodiversity of gut microbiota were decreased, along with significant alteration of composition. The abundance of pathogens was increased, while the short-chain fatty acids producing bacteria were reduced. Interestingly, Clostridium XlV and Lactobacillus, which might be involved in the bile acid deconjugation, transformation, and desulfation, were significantly decreased. Accordingly, fecal bile acids were decreased, accompanied by reduced transformation of primary to secondary bile acids. Given bile acid receptors, the ileum farnesoid X receptor-fibroblast growth factor 15 (FXR-FGF15) axis was downregulated, while Takeda G-protein receptor 5 (TGR5) was overexpressed in colonic tumor tissues. CONCLUSION: Gut dysbiosis might alter the metabolism of bile acids and promote CAC, which would provide a potential preventive strategy of CAC by regulating gut microbiota and bile acid metabolism.
Authors: Takeshi Inagaki; Antonio Moschetta; Youn-Kyoung Lee; Li Peng; Guixiang Zhao; Michael Downes; Ruth T Yu; John M Shelton; James A Richardson; Joyce J Repa; David J Mangelsdorf; Steven A Kliewer Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2006-02-10 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Eric A Franzosa; Alexandra Sirota-Madi; Julian Avila-Pacheco; Nadine Fornelos; Henry J Haiser; Stefan Reinker; Tommi Vatanen; A Brantley Hall; Himel Mallick; Lauren J McIver; Jenny S Sauk; Robin G Wilson; Betsy W Stevens; Justin M Scott; Kerry Pierce; Amy A Deik; Kevin Bullock; Floris Imhann; Jeffrey A Porter; Alexandra Zhernakova; Jingyuan Fu; Rinse K Weersma; Cisca Wijmenga; Clary B Clish; Hera Vlamakis; Curtis Huttenhower; Ramnik J Xavier Journal: Nat Microbiol Date: 2018-12-10 Impact factor: 17.745