Alfred Jatho1, Jansen Marcos Cambia1, Seung-Kwon Myung2,3,4. 1. Department of Cancer Control and Population Health, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, Goyang, Republic of Korea. 2. Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, National Cancer Center Graduate School of Cancer Science and Policy, 323 Ilsan-ro, Ilsandong-gu, Goyang, Gyeonggi-do10408, Republic of Korea. 3. Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Management, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea. 4. Department of Family Medicine and Center for Cancer Prevention and Detection, Hospital, National Cancer Center, Goyang, Republic of Korea.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: There remain inconclusive findings from previous observational epidemiological studies on whether consumption of artificially sweetened soft drinks (ASSD) increases the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. We investigated the associations between the consumption of ASSD and the risk of GI cancer using a meta-analysis. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING: PubMed and EMBASE were searched using keywords until May 2020 to identify observational epidemiological studies on the association between the consumption of ASSD and the risk of GI cancer. SUBJECTS: Twenty-one case-control studies and seventeen cohort studies with 12 397 cancer cases and 2 474 452 controls. RESULTS: In the random-effects meta-analysis of all the studies, consumption of ASSD was not significantly associated with the risk of overall GI cancer (OR/relative risk (RR), 1·02; 95 % CI, 0·92, 1·14). There was no significant association between the consumption of ASSD and the risk of overall GI cancer in the subgroup meta-analyses by study design (case-control studies: OR, 0·95; 95 % CI, 0·82, 1·11; cohort studies: RR, 1·14; 95 % CI, 0·97, 1·33). In the subgroup meta-analysis by type of cancer, consumption of ASSD was significantly associated with the increased risk of liver cancer (OR/RR, 1·28; 95 % CI, 1·03, 1·58). CONCLUSIONS: The current meta-analysis of observational epidemiological studies suggests that overall, there is no significant association between the consumption of ASSD and the risk of GI cancer.
OBJECTIVE: There remain inconclusive findings from previous observational epidemiological studies on whether consumption of artificially sweetened soft drinks (ASSD) increases the risk of gastrointestinal (GI) cancer. We investigated the associations between the consumption of ASSD and the risk of GI cancer using a meta-analysis. DESIGN: Systematic review and meta-analysis. SETTING: PubMed and EMBASE were searched using keywords until May 2020 to identify observational epidemiological studies on the association between the consumption of ASSD and the risk of GI cancer. SUBJECTS: Twenty-one case-control studies and seventeen cohort studies with 12 397 cancer cases and 2 474 452 controls. RESULTS: In the random-effects meta-analysis of all the studies, consumption of ASSD was not significantly associated with the risk of overall GI cancer (OR/relative risk (RR), 1·02; 95 % CI, 0·92, 1·14). There was no significant association between the consumption of ASSD and the risk of overall GI cancer in the subgroup meta-analyses by study design (case-control studies: OR, 0·95; 95 % CI, 0·82, 1·11; cohort studies: RR, 1·14; 95 % CI, 0·97, 1·33). In the subgroup meta-analysis by type of cancer, consumption of ASSD was significantly associated with the increased risk of liver cancer (OR/RR, 1·28; 95 % CI, 1·03, 1·58). CONCLUSIONS: The current meta-analysis of observational epidemiological studies suggests that overall, there is no significant association between the consumption of ASSD and the risk of GI cancer.