João Pedro Ferreira1, Zohra Lamiral1, George Bakris2, Cyrus Mehta3, William B White4, Faiez Zannad1. 1. Centre d'Investigations Cliniques Plurithématique Inserm 1433, Université de Lorraine, CHRU de Nancy, Inserm U1116, FCRIN INI-CRCT, Nancy, France. 2. Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. 3. Cytel Inc., Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA. 4. Calhoun Cardiology Center, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
Abstract
AIM: To determine the clinical correlates of increased red blood cell distribution width (RDW), its potential mechanistic association with multiple circulating biomarkers, and its prognostic value in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who had a recent acute coronary syndrome. METHODS: We used time-updated Cox models applied to patients enrolled in the Examination of Cardiovascular Outcomes with Alogliptin versus Standard of Care (EXAMINE) trial. RESULTS: A total of 5380 patients were included, the median age was 61 years and 32% were women. Patients with higher RDW were older, more frequently women, with a longer diabetes duration and increased co-morbidities. An RDW of more than 16.1% (both baseline and time-updated) was independently associated with the study primary composite outcome of non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke or cardiovascular death (time-updated adjusted HR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.16-1.61, p < .001), all-cause death (time-updated adjusted HR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.60-2.53, p < .001), as well as mortality from non-cardiovascular causes (time-updated adjusted HR = 2.67, 95% CI = 1.72-4.15, p < .001). RDW had a weak-to-moderate correlation with haemoglobin and circulating markers that reflected inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis and congestion. Alogliptin did not alter RDW values. CONCLUSIONS: RDW is a marker of disease severity associated with a multitude of poor outcomes, including both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular death. RDW correlated modestly with inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, pro-fibrotic and congestion markers, and its levels were not affected by alogliptin during the course of the trial.
AIM: To determine the clinical correlates of increased red blood cell distribution width (RDW), its potential mechanistic association with multiple circulating biomarkers, and its prognostic value in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) who had a recent acute coronary syndrome. METHODS: We used time-updated Cox models applied to patients enrolled in the Examination of Cardiovascular Outcomes with Alogliptin versus Standard of Care (EXAMINE) trial. RESULTS: A total of 5380 patients were included, the median age was 61 years and 32% were women. Patients with higher RDW were older, more frequently women, with a longer diabetes duration and increased co-morbidities. An RDW of more than 16.1% (both baseline and time-updated) was independently associated with the study primary composite outcome of non-fatal myocardial infarction, non-fatal stroke or cardiovascular death (time-updated adjusted HR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.16-1.61, p < .001), all-cause death (time-updated adjusted HR = 2.01, 95% CI = 1.60-2.53, p < .001), as well as mortality from non-cardiovascular causes (time-updated adjusted HR = 2.67, 95% CI = 1.72-4.15, p < .001). RDW had a weak-to-moderate correlation with haemoglobin and circulating markers that reflected inflammation, apoptosis, fibrosis and congestion. Alogliptin did not alter RDW values. CONCLUSIONS: RDW is a marker of disease severity associated with a multitude of poor outcomes, including both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular death. RDW correlated modestly with inflammatory, pro-apoptotic, pro-fibrotic and congestion markers, and its levels were not affected by alogliptin during the course of the trial.
Authors: Amanda B Zheutlin; Luciana Vieira; Ryan A Shewcraft; Shilong Li; Zichen Wang; Emilio Schadt; Susan Gross; Siobhan M Dolan; Joanne Stone; Eric Schadt; Li Li Journal: J Am Med Inform Assoc Date: 2022-01-12 Impact factor: 7.942
Authors: João Pedro Ferreira; Patrick Rossignol; George Bakris; Cyrus Mehta; William B White; Faiez Zannad Journal: Cardiovasc Diabetol Date: 2021-09-14 Impact factor: 9.951