Gaëlle Gruel1, Arantxa Sellin1, Hélène Riveiro1, Matthieu Pot1, Sébastien Breurec1,2,3, Stéphanie Guyomard-Rabenirina1, Antoine Talarmin1, Séverine Ferdinand4. 1. Laboratory of Microbial Ecosystems Interactions, Transmission Reservoir and Pathogens Diversity Unit, Institut Pasteur of Guadeloupe, Morne Joliviere - B.P. 484, 97183, Les Abymes Cedex, Guadeloupe, France. 2. Faculté de Médecine Hyacinthe Bastaraud, Université des Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France. 3. Centre d'Investigation Clinique, INSERM CIC 1424, Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe, France. 4. Laboratory of Microbial Ecosystems Interactions, Transmission Reservoir and Pathogens Diversity Unit, Institut Pasteur of Guadeloupe, Morne Joliviere - B.P. 484, 97183, Les Abymes Cedex, Guadeloupe, France. sferdinand@pasteur-guadeloupe.fr.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Selection pressure exerted by use of antibiotics in both human and veterinary medicine is responsible for increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The objectives of this study were to better understand antimicrobial use in pigs, beef cattle, and poultry on farms on Guadeloupe, French West Indies, and to acquire data on AMR in Escherichia coli in these food-producing animals. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at 45 farms on Guadeloupe, and practical use of antimicrobials was documented in declarative interviews between March and July 2018. A total of 216 fecal samples were collected between January 2018 and May 2019, comprising 124 from pigs, 75 from beef cattle, and 17 from poultry litter. E. coli isolates were obtained for further testing by isolation and identification from field samples. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and screening for blaCTX-M, blaTEM, tetA, and tetB resistance genes by polymerase chain reaction on extracted genomic DNA were performed. RESULTS: The study showed rational use of antimicrobials, consisting of occasional use for curative treatment by veterinary prescription. Tetracycline was the most commonly used antimicrobial, but its use was not correlated to E. coli resistance. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) E. coli isolates were detected in 7.3% of pigs, 14.7% of beef cattle, and 35.3% of poultry. blaCTX-M-1 was the predominant gene found in ESBL-E. coli isolates (68.8%), followed by blaCTX-M-15 (31.3%). CONCLUSION: Despite rational use of antimicrobials, the rate of ESBL-E. coli in food-producing animals in Guadeloupe, although moderate, is a concern. Further studies are in progress to better define the genetic background of the ESBL-E. coli isolates.
BACKGROUND: Selection pressure exerted by use of antibiotics in both human and veterinary medicine is responsible for increasing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). The objectives of this study were to better understand antimicrobial use in pigs, beef cattle, and poultry on farms on Guadeloupe, French West Indies, and to acquire data on AMR in Escherichia coli in these food-producing animals. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at 45 farms on Guadeloupe, and practical use of antimicrobials was documented in declarative interviews between March and July 2018. A total of 216 fecal samples were collected between January 2018 and May 2019, comprising 124 from pigs, 75 from beef cattle, and 17 from poultry litter. E. coli isolates were obtained for further testing by isolation and identification from field samples. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing and screening for blaCTX-M, blaTEM, tetA, and tetB resistance genes by polymerase chain reaction on extracted genomic DNA were performed. RESULTS: The study showed rational use of antimicrobials, consisting of occasional use for curative treatment by veterinary prescription. Tetracycline was the most commonly used antimicrobial, but its use was not correlated to E. coli resistance. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) E. coli isolates were detected in 7.3% of pigs, 14.7% of beef cattle, and 35.3% of poultry. blaCTX-M-1 was the predominant gene found in ESBL-E. coli isolates (68.8%), followed by blaCTX-M-15 (31.3%). CONCLUSION: Despite rational use of antimicrobials, the rate of ESBL-E. coli in food-producing animals in Guadeloupe, although moderate, is a concern. Further studies are in progress to better define the genetic background of the ESBL-E. coli isolates.
Authors: Laura María Solís-Salas; Crystel Aleyvick Sierra-Rivera; Luis Enrique Cobos-Puc; Juan Alberto Ascacio-Valdés; Sonia Yesenia Silva-Belmares Journal: Antibiotics (Basel) Date: 2021-04-29
Authors: Elena González-Fandos; Alba Martínez-Laorden; Ana Abad-Fau; Eloisa Sevilla; Rosa Bolea; María Jesús Serrano; Olga Mitjana; Cristina Bonastre; Alicia Laborda; María Victoria Falceto; Rafael Pagán Journal: Animals (Basel) Date: 2022-03-01 Impact factor: 2.752