Thiago P Fernandes1,2, Natalia L Almeida3,4, Gabriella M Silva5,6, Natanael A Santos5,6. 1. Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil. thiagompfernandes@gmail.com. 2. Perception, Neuroscience and Behaviour Laboratory, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil. thiagompfernandes@gmail.com. 3. Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil. natalialalmeida@outlook.com. 4. Perception, Neuroscience and Behaviour Laboratory, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil. natalialalmeida@outlook.com. 5. Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil. 6. Perception, Neuroscience and Behaviour Laboratory, Federal University of Paraiba, Joao Pessoa, Brazil.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the isolated effects of nicotine on visual processing, namely contrast processing. METHODS:Thirteen participants, aged 18-40 years, were enrolled in this double blind, randomized and pilot controlled trial involving nicotine gum administration (placebo, 2-mg and 4-mg doses). The participants' instruction was to detect the location of vertical gratings (0.2; 1.0; 3.3; 5.7; 8.8; 13.2 and 15.9 cycles per degree) when it was presented either left or right on the monitor screen. A repeated multivariate analysis of variance was conducted to analyse the results for the visual processing tasks. Bayesian analyses were also carried out considering maximum robustness to avoid bias. RESULTS: The findings that nicotine gum administration resulted in better contrast discrimination when compared to placebo gum (p < .001). More specifically, the 4-mg resulted in better visual sensitivity when compared to the 2-mg (p < .01) and the placebo (p < .001) gum. Demographic data were not related to the outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: These data bring the need for support the findings. If proved, it is possible that nicotine, in small doses, can have a potential therapeutic use for those populations with low vision. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: RBR-46tjy3.
RCT Entities:
OBJECTIVE: The main purpose of this study was to investigate the isolated effects of nicotine on visual processing, namely contrast processing. METHODS: Thirteen participants, aged 18-40 years, were enrolled in this double blind, randomized and pilot controlled trial involving nicotine gum administration (placebo, 2-mg and 4-mg doses). The participants' instruction was to detect the location of vertical gratings (0.2; 1.0; 3.3; 5.7; 8.8; 13.2 and 15.9 cycles per degree) when it was presented either left or right on the monitor screen. A repeated multivariate analysis of variance was conducted to analyse the results for the visual processing tasks. Bayesian analyses were also carried out considering maximum robustness to avoid bias. RESULTS: The findings that nicotine gum administration resulted in better contrast discrimination when compared to placebo gum (p < .001). More specifically, the 4-mg resulted in better visual sensitivity when compared to the 2-mg (p < .01) and the placebo (p < .001) gum. Demographic data were not related to the outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: These data bring the need for support the findings. If proved, it is possible that nicotine, in small doses, can have a potential therapeutic use for those populations with low vision. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: RBR-46tjy3.
Authors: Thiago P Fernandes; Albulena Shaqiri; Andreas Brand; Renata L Nogueira; Michael H Herzog; Maya Roinishvili; Natanael A Santos; Eka Chkonia Journal: Psychiatry Res Date: 2019-03-06 Impact factor: 3.222
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