Domenico Franco1, Giovanna Calabrese1, Salvatore Petralia2, Giulia Neri1, Carmelo Corsaro3, Lucia Forte4, Stefano Squarzoni5,6, Salvatore Guglielmino1, Francesco Traina6,7, Enza Fazio3, Sabrina Conoci1. 1. Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy. 2. Department of Drug Science and Health, University of Catania, 95125 Catania, Italy. 3. Department of Mathematical and Computational Sciences, Physics Science and Earth Science, University of Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy. 4. Fin-Ceramica Faenza, 48018 Faenza, Italy. 5. CNR-Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", 40136 Bologna, Italy. 6. IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy. 7. Department of Biomedical, Dental, Morphological and Functional Imaging Sciences, University of Messina, 98125 Messina, Italy.
Abstract
Hydroxyapatite (HA) is the main inorganic mineral that constitutes bone matrix and represents the most used biomaterial for bone regeneration. Over the years, it has been demonstrated that HA exhibits good biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, and osteoinductivity both in vitro and in vivo, and can be prepared by synthetic and natural sources via easy fabrication strategies. However, its low antibacterial property and its fragile nature restricts its usage for bone graft applications. In this study we functionalized a MgHA scaffold with gold nanorods (AuNRs) and evaluated its antibacterial effect against S. aureus and E. coli in both suspension and adhesion and its cytotoxicity over time (1 to 24 days). Results show that the AuNRs nano-functionalization improves the antibacterial activity with 100% bacterial reduction after 24 h. The toxicity study, however, indicates a 4.38-fold cell number decrease at 24 days. Although further optimization on nano-functionalization process are needed for cytotoxicity, these data indicated that Au-NRs nano-functionalization is a very promising method for improving the antibacterial properties of HA.
class="Chemical">Hydroxyapatite (class="Chemical">pan class="Chemical">HA) is the main inorganic mineral that constitutes bone matrix and represents the most used biomaterial for bone regeneration. Over the years, it has been demonstrated that HA exhibits good biocompatibility, osteoconductivity, and osteoinductivity both in vitro and in vivo, and can be prepared by synthetic and natural sources via easy fabrication strategies. However, its low antibacterial property and its fragile nature restricts its usage for bone graft applications. In this study we functionalized a MgHA scaffold with gold nanorods (AuNRs) and evaluated its antibacterial effect against S. aureus and E. coli in both suspension and adhesion and its cytotoxicity over time (1 to 24 days). Results show that the AuNRs nano-functionalization improves the antibacterial activity with 100% bacterial reduction after 24 h. The toxicity study, however, indicates a 4.38-fold cell number decrease at 24 days. Although further optimization on nano-functionalization process are needed for cytotoxicity, these data indicated that Au-NRs nano-functionalization is a very promising method for improving the antibacterial properties of HA.
Entities:
Keywords:
Au nanoparticles; antibacterial activity; bone tissue engineering; cytotoxicity; hybrid biomaterials; hydroxyapatite; nano-functionalization
Authors: D Franco; L M De Plano; M G Rizzo; S Scibilia; G Lentini; E Fazio; F Neri; S P P Guglielmino; A M Mezzasalma Journal: Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc Date: 2019-07-16 Impact factor: 4.098