Ashwani Arya1, Rubal Chahal1, Rekha Rao2, Md Habibur Rahman3,4, Deepak Kaushik1, Muhammad Furqan Akhtar5, Ammara Saleem6, Shaden M A Khalifa7, Hesham R El-Seedi8,9,10, Mohamed Kamel11, Ghadeer M Albadrani12, Mohamed M Abdel-Daim13, Vineet Mittal1. 1. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana-124001, India. 2. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Jambeshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana-125001, India. 3. Department of Pharmacy, Southeast University, Banani, Dhaka-1213, Bangladesh. 4. Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26384, Korea. 5. Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lahore Campus, Riphah International University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan. 6. Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan. 7. Department of Molecular Biosciences, The Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, S-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. 8. Pharmacognosy Group, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Uppsala University, Biomedical Centre, Box 574, 751 23 Uppsala, Sweden. 9. International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China. 10. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom 32512, Egypt. 11. Department of Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt. 12. Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11474, Saudi Arabia. 13. Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt.
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a gradually growing irreversible illness of the brain that almost affects every fifth person (aged > 80 years) in the world. World Health Organization (WHO) also revealed that the prevalence of this disease will enhance (upto double) significantly upto 2030. The poor cholinergic transmission at the synapse is considered to be one of the main reasons behind the progression and occurrence of this disorder. Natural inhibitors of acetylcholine (ACh) such as galanthamine and rivastigmine are used commercially in the treatmentof AD. The biomolecules such assesquiterpenes, possess a great structural diversity and are responsible for a plethora of pharmacological properties. The potential of various sesquiterpenes as anticholinesterase has been reviewed in this article. For this purpose, the various databases, mainly PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were investigatedwith different keywords such as "sesquiterpenes+acetylcholinesterase" and "sesquiterpenes+cholinesterase+inhibitors" in the surveyed time frame (2010-2020). A vast literature was evident in the last decade, which affirms the potential of various sesquiterpenes in the improvement of cholinergic transmission by inhibiting the AChE. After data analysis, it was found that 12 compounds out of a total of 58 sesquiterpenes were reported to possess IC50 < 9μM and can be considered as potential candidates for the improvement of learning and memory. Sesquiterpene is an important category of terpenoids, found to possess a large spectrum of biological activities. The outcome of the review clearly states that sesquiterpenes (such as amberboin, lipidiol,etc) from herbs could offer fresh, functional compounds for possible prevention and treatment of AD.
Alzheimer's disease (n class="Disease">AD) is a gradually growing irreversible illness of the brain that almost affects every fifth person (aged > 80 years) in the world. World Health Organization (WHO) also revealed that the prevalence of this disease will enhance (upto double) significantly upto 2030. The poor cholinergic transmission at the synapse is considered to be one of the main reasons behind the progression and occurrence of this disorder. Natural inhibitors of acetylcholine (ACh) such as galanthamine and rivastigmine are used commercially in the treatmentof AD. The biomolecules such assesquiterpenes, possess a great structural diversity and are responsible for a plethora of pharmacological properties. The potential of various sesquiterpenes as anticholinesterase has been reviewed in this article. For this purpose, the various databases, mainly PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science were investigatedwith different keywords such as "sesquiterpenes+acetylcholinesterase" and "sesquiterpenes+cholinesterase+inhibitors" in the surveyed time frame (2010-2020). A vast literature was evident in the last decade, which affirms the potential of various sesquiterpenes in the improvement of cholinergic transmission by inhibiting the AChE. After data analysis, it was found that 12 compounds out of a total of 58 sesquiterpenes were reported to possess IC50 < 9μM and can be considered as potential candidates for the improvement of learning and memory. Sesquiterpene is an important category of terpenoids, found to possess a large spectrum of biological activities. The outcome of the review clearly states that sesquiterpenes (such as amberboin, lipidiol,etc) from herbs could offer fresh, functional compounds for possible prevention and treatment of AD.
Authors: Xu-Jie Qin; Tyler J Rauwolf; Pan-Pan Li; Hui Liu; James McNeely; Yan Hua; Hai-Yang Liu; John A Porco Journal: Angew Chem Int Ed Engl Date: 2019-02-20 Impact factor: 15.336
Authors: Ahmed M Kabel; Aliaa Atef; Hany M Borg; Azza A K El-Sheikh; Hana J Al Khabbaz; Hany H Arab; Remon S Estfanous Journal: Pharmaceuticals (Basel) Date: 2022-05-13
Authors: Joanna Maria Drozdz-Afelt; Beata Barbara Koim-Puchowska; Piotr Kaminski Journal: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Date: 2021-08-19 Impact factor: 4.223