Fatemeh Roudi1, Sayyed Saeid Khayyatzadeh2, Hamideh Ghazizadeh3, Gordon A Ferns4, Hamidreza Bahrami-Taghanaki5, Mohammad Mohammad-Zadeh6, Majid Ghayour-Mobarhan7,8. 1. Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 2. Nutrition and Food Security Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. 3. International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 4. Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Division of Medical Education, Falmer, Brighton, Sussex, BN1 9PH, UK. 5. Department of Chinese and Complementary Medicine, School of Traditional and Complementary Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 6. Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. 7. Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. ghayourm@mums.ac.ir. 8. International UNESCO Center for Health-Related Basic Sciences and Human Nutrition, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran. ghayourm@mums.ac.ir.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) leading to substantial reduction in quality of life. This study was undertaken to assess the relationship between diet and prevalence of IBS in female adolescents. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, data were examined on 988 adolescent girls from different areas of Mashhad and Sabzevar cities, Iran. A 168-item validated and reliable food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for dietary intake was used in all the study participants. A diagnosis of IBS was made using the Rome III criteria. RESULTS: Dietary macronutrients, energy, and selected micronutrients of IBS patients were similar to healthy subjects. Comparing the intake of caffeine between groups with and without IBS showed a higher level of consumption in the individuals with IBS (p-value = 0.02; p trend = 0.03). There was a significant positive association between caffeine intake and risk of IBS (odds ratio [OR] = 1.88, after adjustment for potential confounding variables). Although there was no significant difference in intakes of total dietary fiber (p-value = 0.23) and insoluble dietary fiber (p-value = 0.09) between IBS-positive and IBS-negative subjects, their soluble dietary fiber intake was significantly different (p-value = 0.02, a significant negative association was seen between soluble dietary fiber intake and IBS prevalence, after adjustment for potential confounding variables [p trend = 0.02; OR = 0.59]). CONCLUSIONS: The higher intake of caffeine was positively associated with IBS prevalence. Additionally, a negative association was seen between soluble dietary fiber intake and the chance of having IBS.
BACKGROUND: Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder (FGID) leading to substantial reduction in quality of life. This study was undertaken to assess the relationship between diet and prevalence of IBS in female adolescents. METHODS: In this cross-sectional study, data were examined on 988 adolescent girls from different areas of Mashhad and Sabzevar cities, Iran. A 168-item validated and reliable food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) for dietary intake was used in all the study participants. A diagnosis of IBS was made using the Rome III criteria. RESULTS: Dietary macronutrients, energy, and selected micronutrients of IBS patients were similar to healthy subjects. Comparing the intake of caffeine between groups with and without IBS showed a higher level of consumption in the individuals with IBS (p-value = 0.02; p trend = 0.03). There was a significant positive association between caffeine intake and risk of IBS (odds ratio [OR] = 1.88, after adjustment for potential confounding variables). Although there was no significant difference in intakes of total dietary fiber (p-value = 0.23) and insoluble dietary fiber (p-value = 0.09) between IBS-positive and IBS-negative subjects, their soluble dietary fiber intake was significantly different (p-value = 0.02, a significant negative association was seen between soluble dietary fiber intake and IBS prevalence, after adjustment for potential confounding variables [p trend = 0.02; OR = 0.59]). CONCLUSIONS: The higher intake of caffeine was positively associated with IBS prevalence. Additionally, a negative association was seen between soluble dietary fiber intake and the chance of having IBS.