Are Developmental Monitoring and Screening Better Together for Early Autism Identification Across Race and Ethnic Groups?

National Surveys of Children's Health (NSCH, 2016-2018) data were analyzed to determine if conjoint monitoring and screening showed stronger associations with children under 5 identified with ASD compared to monitoring alone, screening alone or no monitoring or screening; and investigate relationships between monitoring and screening across racial/ethnic subgroups. 86 of 332 children with ASD received their diagnosis in a timeframe suggesting potential monitoring and screening for identification purposes. Analyses showed that conjoint monitoring and screening and monitoring alone, but not screening alone, was associated with early identified ASD cases across race groups. Caution is warranted as interpreting NSCH monitoring and screening items solely for identification purposes is inaccurate in many cases. More research on monitoring with screening is needed.