Zhangheng Huang1,2, Xin Zhou2, Yuexin Tong2, Lujian Zhu3, Ruhan Zhao2, Xiaohui Huang4. 1. Department of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, 481 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. 2. Chengde Medical University, Chengde, Hebei Province, China. 3. The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. 4. Department of Clinical Medicine, Hangzhou Medical College, 481 Binwen Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. 373644723@qq.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The role of surgery for the primary tumor in breast cancer patients with bone metastases (BM) remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of surgery for the primary tumor in breast cancer patients with BM and to develop prognostic nomograms to predict the overall survival (OS) of breast cancer patients with BM. METHODS: A total of 3956 breast cancer patients with BM from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 2010 and 2016 were included. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to eliminate the bias between the surgery and non-surgery groups. The Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test were performed to compare the OS between two groups. Cox proportional risk regression models were used to identify independent prognostic factors. Two nomograms were constructed for predicting the OS of patients in the surgery and non-surgery groups, respectively. In addition, calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the performance of nomograms. RESULT: The survival analysis showed that the surgery of the primary tumor significantly improved the OS for breast cancer patients with BM. Based on independent prognostic factors, separate nomograms were constructed for the surgery and non-surgery groups. The calibration and ROC curves of these nomograms indicated that both two models have high predictive accuracy, with the area under the curve values ≥0.700 on both the training and validation cohorts. Moreover, DCA showed that nomograms have strong clinical utility. Based on the results of the X-tile analysis, all patients were classified in the low-risk-of-death subgroup had a better prognosis. CONCLUSION: The surgery of the primary tumor may provide survival benefits for breast cancer patients with BM. Furthermore, these prognostic nomograms we constructed may be used as a tool to accurately assess the long-term prognosis of patients and help clinicians to develop individualized treatment strategies.
BACKGROUND: The role of surgery for the primary tumor in breast cancerpatients with bone metastases (BM) remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of surgery for the primary tumor in breast cancerpatients with BM and to develop prognostic nomograms to predict the overall survival (OS) of breast cancerpatients with BM. METHODS: A total of 3956 breast cancerpatients with BM from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results database between 2010 and 2016 were included. Propensity score matching (PSM) was used to eliminate the bias between the surgery and non-surgery groups. The Kaplan-Meier analysis and the log-rank test were performed to compare the OS between two groups. Cox proportional risk regression models were used to identify independent prognostic factors. Two nomograms were constructed for predicting the OS of patients in the surgery and non-surgery groups, respectively. In addition, calibration curve, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, and decision curve analysis (DCA) were used to evaluate the performance of nomograms. RESULT: The survival analysis showed that the surgery of the primary tumor significantly improved the OS for breast cancerpatients with BM. Based on independent prognostic factors, separate nomograms were constructed for the surgery and non-surgery groups. The calibration and ROC curves of these nomograms indicated that both two models have high predictive accuracy, with the area under the curve values ≥0.700 on both the training and validation cohorts. Moreover, DCA showed that nomograms have strong clinical utility. Based on the results of the X-tile analysis, all patients were classified in the low-risk-of-death subgroup had a better prognosis. CONCLUSION: The surgery of the primary tumor may provide survival benefits for breast cancerpatients with BM. Furthermore, these prognostic nomograms we constructed may be used as a tool to accurately assess the long-term prognosis of patients and help clinicians to develop individualized treatment strategies.
Entities:
Keywords:
Bone metastases; Breast cancer; Nomogram; Prognosis; SEER; Surgery
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