Xiling Yin1, Wencan Dai1, Yukai Du2, Deyun Li3. 1. Department of Public Health and Health Research, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Zhuhai City, Zhuhai, China. 2. Department of Maternal and Child Health, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. 3. Department of Public Health and Health Research, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Zhuhai City, Zhuhai, China. ljdycn@163.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The unclear mechanisms and severity of injuries in the injury pyramids for Chinese children and adolescents prevent the prioritization of interventions. This study aimed to describe the injury mechanisms and injury pyramids in this population to provide a priority for injury prevention strategies. METHODS: Death, hospitalization, and outpatient/emergency department visit data from patients aged 0 ~ 17 years with injuries were obtained from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2017, in Zhuhai City, China. The injury mechanism ratios were calculated, and the injury pyramid ratios were drawn in proportion using injury mortality and the incidence of both injury hospitalizations and outpatient/emergency department injury visits. RESULTS: The top three mechanisms for injuries in children and adolescents treated in outpatient/emergency departments were falls (52.02%), animal bites (14.57%), and blunt injuries (10.60%). The top three mechanisms for injury hospitalizations were falls (37.33%), road traffic injuries (17.87%), and fire/burns (14.29%), while the top three mechanisms for injury deaths were drowning (32.91%), road traffic injuries (20.25%) and falls (13.92%). The incidence rate of outpatient/emergency department injury visits for children and adolescents was 11,210.87/100,000; the incidence rate of injury hospitalization was 627.09/100,000, and the injury death rate was 10.70/100,000. For each injury death, there were 59 injury hospitalizations and 1048 outpatient/emergency injury visits. CONCLUSIONS: The injury mechanisms were different for injury-related outpatient/emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and deaths among children and adolescents. The injury mechanisms by sex at different stages of child development, and interventions should be formulated based on this finding. The ratios of the injury pyramids varied by age, sex, region, and injury mechanisms; minor nonfatal injuries were more common in children and adolescents. The differences in the severity and extent of the injuries suggested that injury interventions in children and adolescents still have a long way to go.
BACKGROUND: The unclear mechanisms and severity of injuries in the injury pyramids for Chinese children and adolescents prevent the prioritization of interventions. This study aimed to describe the injury mechanisms and injury pyramids in this population to provide a priority for injury prevention strategies. METHODS:Death, hospitalization, and outpatient/emergency department visit data from patients aged 0 ~ 17 years with injuries were obtained from January 1, 2013, to December 31, 2017, in Zhuhai City, China. The injury mechanism ratios were calculated, and the injury pyramid ratios were drawn in proportion using injury mortality and the incidence of both injury hospitalizations and outpatient/emergency department injury visits. RESULTS: The top three mechanisms for injuries in children and adolescents treated in outpatient/emergency departments were falls (52.02%), animal bites (14.57%), and blunt injuries (10.60%). The top three mechanisms for injury hospitalizations were falls (37.33%), road traffic injuries (17.87%), and fire/burns (14.29%), while the top three mechanisms for injury deaths were drowning (32.91%), road traffic injuries (20.25%) and falls (13.92%). The incidence rate of outpatient/emergency department injury visits for children and adolescents was 11,210.87/100,000; the incidence rate of injury hospitalization was 627.09/100,000, and the injury death rate was 10.70/100,000. For each injury death, there were 59 injury hospitalizations and 1048 outpatient/emergency injury visits. CONCLUSIONS: The injury mechanisms were different for injury-related outpatient/emergency department visits, hospitalizations, and deaths among children and adolescents. The injury mechanisms by sex at different stages of child development, and interventions should be formulated based on this finding. The ratios of the injury pyramids varied by age, sex, region, and injury mechanisms; minor nonfatal injuries were more common in children and adolescents. The differences in the severity and extent of the injuries suggested that injury interventions in children and adolescents still have a long way to go.
Authors: Lois Kaye Lee; Eric William Fleegler; Peter Whitney Forbes; Karen Lea Olson; David Patrick Mooney Journal: Inj Prev Date: 2010-04 Impact factor: 2.399
Authors: Nicholas Kassebaum; Hmwe Hmwe Kyu; Leo Zoeckler; Helen Elizabeth Olsen; Katie Thomas; Christine Pinho; Zulfiqar A Bhutta; Lalit Dandona; Alize Ferrari; Tsegaye Tewelde Ghiwot; Simon I Hay; Yohannes Kinfu; Xiaofeng Liang; Alan Lopez; Deborah Carvalho Malta; Ali H Mokdad; Mohsen Naghavi; George C Patton; Joshua Salomon; Benn Sartorius; Roman Topor-Madry; Stein Emil Vollset; Andrea Werdecker; Harvey A Whiteford; Kalkidan Hasen Abate; Kaja Abbas; Solomon Abrha Damtew; Muktar Beshir Ahmed; Nadia Akseer; Rajaa Al-Raddadi; Mulubirhan Assefa Alemayohu; Khalid Altirkawi; Amanuel Alemu Abajobir; Azmeraw T Amare; Carl A T Antonio; Johan Arnlov; Al Artaman; Hamid Asayesh; Euripide Frinel G Arthur Avokpaho; Ashish Awasthi; Beatriz Paulina Ayala Quintanilla; Umar Bacha; Balem Demtsu Betsu; Aleksandra Barac; Till Winfried Bärnighausen; Estifanos Baye; Neeraj Bedi; Isabela M Bensenor; Adugnaw Berhane; Eduardo Bernabe; Oscar Alberto Bernal; Addisu Shunu Beyene; Sibhatu Biadgilign; Boris Bikbov; Cheryl Anne Boyce; Alexandra Brazinova; Gessessew Bugssa Hailu; Austin Carter; Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela; Ferrán Catalá-López; Fiona J Charlson; Abdulaal A Chitheer; Jee-Young Jasmine Choi; Liliana G Ciobanu; John Crump; Rakhi Dandona; Robert P Dellavalle; Amare Deribew; Gabrielle deVeber; Daniel Dicker; Eric L Ding; Manisha Dubey; Amanuel Yesuf Endries; Holly E Erskine; Emerito Jose Aquino Faraon; Andre Faro; Farshad Farzadfar; Joao C Fernandes; Daniel Obadare Fijabi; Christina Fitzmaurice; Thomas D Fleming; Luisa Sorio Flor; Kyle J Foreman; Richard C Franklin; Maya S Fraser; Joseph J Frostad; Nancy Fullman; Gebremedhin Berhe Gebregergs; Alemseged Aregay Gebru; Johanna M Geleijnse; Katherine B Gibney; Mahari Gidey Yihdego; Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed Ginawi; Melkamu Dedefo Gishu; Tessema Assefa Gizachew; Elizabeth Glaser; Audra L Gold; Ellen Goldberg; Philimon Gona; Atsushi Goto; Harish Chander Gugnani; Guohong Jiang; Rajeev Gupta; Fisaha Haile Tesfay; Graeme J Hankey; Rasmus Havmoeller; Martha Hijar; Masako Horino; H Dean Hosgood; Guoqing Hu; Kathryn H Jacobsen; Mihajlo B Jakovljevic; Sudha P Jayaraman; Vivekanand Jha; Tariku Jibat; Catherine O Johnson; Jost Jonas; Amir Kasaeian; Norito Kawakami; Peter N Keiyoro; Ibrahim Khalil; Young-Ho Khang; Jagdish Khubchandani; Aliasghar A Ahmad Kiadaliri; Christian Kieling; Daniel Kim; Niranjan Kissoon; Luke D Knibbs; Ai Koyanagi; Kristopher J Krohn; Barthelemy Kuate Defo; Burcu Kucuk Bicer; Rachel Kulikoff; G Anil Kumar; Dharmesh Kumar Lal; Hilton Y Lam; Heidi J Larson; Anders Larsson; Dennis Odai Laryea; Janni Leung; Stephen S Lim; Loon-Tzian Lo; Warren D Lo; Katharine J Looker; Paulo A Lotufo; Hassan Magdy Abd El Razek; Reza Malekzadeh; Desalegn Markos Shifti; Mohsen Mazidi; Peter A Meaney; Kidanu Gebremariam Meles; Peter Memiah; Walter Mendoza; Mubarek Abera Mengistie; Gebremichael Welday Mengistu; George A Mensah; Ted R Miller; Charles Mock; Alireza Mohammadi; Shafiu Mohammed; Lorenzo Monasta; Ulrich Mueller; Chie Nagata; Aliya Naheed; Grant Nguyen; Quyen Le Nguyen; Elaine Nsoesie; In-Hwan Oh; Anselm Okoro; Jacob Olusegun Olusanya; Bolajoko O Olusanya; Alberto Ortiz; Deepak Paudel; David M Pereira; Norberto Perico; Max Petzold; Michael Robert Phillips; Guilherme V Polanczyk; Farshad Pourmalek; Mostafa Qorbani; Anwar Rafay; Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar; Mahfuzar Rahman; Rajesh Kumar Rai; Usha Ram; Zane Rankin; Giuseppe Remuzzi; Andre M N Renzaho; Hirbo Shore Roba; David Rojas-Rueda; Luca Ronfani; Rajesh Sagar; Juan Ramon Sanabria; Muktar Sano Kedir Mohammed; Itamar S Santos; Maheswar Satpathy; Monika Sawhney; Ben Schöttker; David C Schwebel; James G Scott; Sadaf G Sepanlou; Amira Shaheen; Masood Ali Shaikh; June She; Rahman Shiri; Ivy Shiue; Inga Dora Sigfusdottir; Jasvinder Singh; Naris Silpakit; Alison Smith; Chandrashekhar Sreeramareddy; Jeffrey D Stanaway; Dan J Stein; Caitlyn Steiner; Muawiyyah Babale Sufiyan; Soumya Swaminathan; Rafael Tabarés-Seisdedos; Karen M Tabb; Fentaw Tadese; Mohammad Tavakkoli; Bineyam Taye; Stephanie Teeple; Teketo Kassaw Tegegne; Girma Temam Shifa; Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi; Bernadette Thomas; Alan J Thomson; Ruoyan Tobe-Gai; Marcello Tonelli; Bach Xuan Tran; Christopher Troeger; Kingsley N Ukwaja; Olalekan Uthman; Tommi Vasankari; Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian; Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov; Elisabete Weiderpass; Robert Weintraub; Solomon Weldemariam Gebrehiwot; Ronny Westerman; Hywel C Williams; Charles D A Wolfe; Rachel Woodbrook; Yuichiro Yano; Naohiro Yonemoto; Seok-Jun Yoon; Mustafa Z Younis; Chuanhua Yu; Maysaa El Sayed Zaki; Elias Asfaw Zegeye; Liesl Joanna Zuhlke; Christopher J L Murray; Theo Vos Journal: JAMA Pediatr Date: 2017-06-01 Impact factor: 16.193