Xiaolei Han1, Ziying Jiang1, Yuanjing Li2, Yongxiang Wang1,3, Yajun Liang2,4, Yi Dong1, Shi Tang1,3, Yifeng Du5,6, Chengxuan Qiu1,2. 1. Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China. 2. Aging Research Center and Center for Alzheimer Research, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society, Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden. 3. Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China. 4. Department of Global Public Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden. 5. Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, No. 324 Jingwuweiqi Road, Jinan, 250021, Shandong, People's Republic of China. du-yifeng@hotmail.com. 6. Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China. du-yifeng@hotmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics among Chinese older adults are poorly understood. We investigated sex disparities in CVH metrics and their management among rural-dwelling older adults in China. METHODS: This community-based study included 5026 participants (age ≥ 65 years; 57.2% women) in the baseline survey of a multimodal intervention study in rural China. In March-September 2018, data were collected through face-to-face interviews, clinical examinations, and laboratory tests. We defined six CVH metrics (three behavioral factors-smoking, body mass index, and physical activity; three biological factors-blood pressure, total cholesterol, and blood glucose) following the modified American Heart Association's recommendations. We performed descriptive analysis separately for men and women. RESULTS: Of all participants, only 0.8% achieved ideal levels in all six CVH metrics. Men were more likely than women to have ideal levels in all CVH metrics but smoking. Women had higher prevalence of ideal global (9.7% vs. 7.8%) and behavioral (18.3% vs. 9.5%) CVH metrics (p < 0.001), whereas men had higher prevalence of ideal biological CVH metrics (5.4% vs. 3.5%, p < 0.001). The prevalence of ideal global and behavioral CVH metrics increased with age in both women and men (p for trend< 0.001). Women were more likely to be aware of their hypertension and diabetes, and to receive antihypertensive treatment, while men were more likely to achieve the goal of high cholesterol treatment (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The CVH metrics among older adults living in the rural communities in China are characterized by an extremely low proportion of optimal global CVH metrics and distinct sex differences, alongside poor management of major biological risk factors. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ChiCTR1800017758 (Aug 13, 2018).
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular health (CVH) metrics among Chinese older adults are poorly understood. We investigated sex disparities in CVH metrics and their management among rural-dwelling older adults in China. METHODS: This community-based study included 5026 participants (age ≥ 65 years; 57.2% women) in the baseline survey of a multimodal intervention study in rural China. In March-September 2018, data were collected through face-to-face interviews, clinical examinations, and laboratory tests. We defined six CVH metrics (three behavioral factors-smoking, body mass index, and physical activity; three biological factors-blood pressure, total cholesterol, and blood glucose) following the modified American Heart Association's recommendations. We performed descriptive analysis separately for men and women. RESULTS: Of all participants, only 0.8% achieved ideal levels in all six CVH metrics. Men were more likely than women to have ideal levels in all CVH metrics but smoking. Women had higher prevalence of ideal global (9.7% vs. 7.8%) and behavioral (18.3% vs. 9.5%) CVH metrics (p < 0.001), whereas men had higher prevalence of ideal biological CVH metrics (5.4% vs. 3.5%, p < 0.001). The prevalence of ideal global and behavioral CVH metrics increased with age in both women and men (p for trend< 0.001). Women were more likely to be aware of their hypertension and diabetes, and to receive antihypertensive treatment, while men were more likely to achieve the goal of high cholesterol treatment (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The CVH metrics among older adults living in the rural communities in China are characterized by an extremely low proportion of optimal global CVH metrics and distinct sex differences, alongside poor management of major biological risk factors. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ChiCTR1800017758 (Aug 13, 2018).
Entities:
Keywords:
Cardiovascular health metrics; Population-based study; Rural elderly; Sex
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