BACKGROUND: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an increasingly diagnosed cause of myocardial infarction. Although different SCAD angiographic classifications exist, their clinical impact remains unknown. AIMS: To evaluate the relationship between an angiographic classification and the development of adverse clinical events during the follow-up of a large, unselected cohort of patients with SCAD. METHODS: We conducted an observational study of consecutive SCAD patients from 26 centers across Italy and Spain. Cases were classified into 5 different angiotypes according to the latest classification endorsed by the European Society of Cardiology. The main composite endpoint included all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), and any unplanned revascularisation. RESULTS: In total, 302 SCAD patients (mean age 51.8±19 years) were followed up for a median of 22 months (IQR 12-48). At 28 days, the composite outcome was higher for the angiotypes with a circumscribed contained intramural hematoma (2A and 3): 20.0% vs. 5.4%, p<0.001 (non-fatal MI: 11.0% vs. 3.5%, p=0.009; unplanned revascularisation: 11.0% vs. 2.5%, p<0.001), which was sustained during follow-up (24.5% vs. 9.9%, p=0.001). There were no differences in mortality (0,3% overall) . The presence of an angiotype 2A or 3 was an independent predictor of a higher incidence of the composite outcome (adjusted HR: 2.44, CI 1.24-4.80, p=0.010). CONCLUSIONS: The SCAD angiographic classification correlates with outcome. Those presenting with an angiographically circumscribed contained intramural hematoma (angiotypes 2A and 3) showed an increased risk of short-term adverse clinical events that was maintained during follow-up.
BACKGROUND: Spontaneous coronary artery dissection (SCAD) is an increasingly diagnosed cause of myocardial infarction. Although different SCAD angiographic classifications exist, their clinical impact remains unknown. AIMS: To evaluate the relationship between an angiographic classification and the development of adverse clinical events during the follow-up of a large, unselected cohort of patients with SCAD. METHODS: We conducted an observational study of consecutive SCAD patients from 26 centers across Italy and Spain. Cases were classified into 5 different angiotypes according to the latest classification endorsed by the European Society of Cardiology. The main composite endpoint included all-cause death, non-fatal myocardial infarction (MI), and any unplanned revascularisation. RESULTS: In total, 302 SCAD patients (mean age 51.8±19 years) were followed up for a median of 22 months (IQR 12-48). At 28 days, the composite outcome was higher for the angiotypes with a circumscribed contained intramural hematoma (2A and 3): 20.0% vs. 5.4%, p<0.001 (non-fatal MI: 11.0% vs. 3.5%, p=0.009; unplanned revascularisation: 11.0% vs. 2.5%, p<0.001), which was sustained during follow-up (24.5% vs. 9.9%, p=0.001). There were no differences in mortality (0,3% overall) . The presence of an angiotype 2A or 3 was an independent predictor of a higher incidence of the composite outcome (adjusted HR: 2.44, CI 1.24-4.80, p=0.010). CONCLUSIONS: The SCAD angiographic classification correlates with outcome. Those presenting with an angiographically circumscribed contained intramural hematoma (angiotypes 2A and 3) showed an increased risk of short-term adverse clinical events that was maintained during follow-up.
Authors: Henrik Wilander; Christos Pagonis; Dimitrios Venetsanos; Eva Swahn; Christian Dworeck; Nina Johnston; Lena Jonasson; Thomas Kellerth; Per Tornvall; Troels Yndigegn; Sofia Sederholm Lawesson Journal: BMJ Open Date: 2022-06-01 Impact factor: 3.006
Authors: Lucia Barbieri; Andrea D'Errico; Carlo Avallone; Domitilla Gentile; Giovanni Provenzale; Giulio Guagliumi; Gabriele Tumminello; Stefano Carugo Journal: Front Cardiovasc Med Date: 2022-04-01