Alessio Maria Monteleone1, Francesca Marciello2, Giammarco Cascino2, Giovanni Abbate-Daga3, Simona Anselmetti4, Monica Baiano5, Matteo Balestrieri6, Eugenia Barone7, Sara Bertelli8, Bernardo Carpiniello9, Giovanni Castellini10, Giulio Corrivetti11, Serafino DE Giorgi12, Angela Favaro13, Carla Gramaglia14, Enrica Marzola3, Paolo Meneguzzo15, Francesco Monaco16, Maria Ginevra Oriani17, Federica Pinna9, Marianna Rania18, Caterina Renna12, Valdo Ricca10, Pierandrea Salvo19, Cristina Segura-Garcia20, Fabiana Scarabel19, Patrizia Todisco21, Umberto Volpe22, Patrizia Zeppegno14, Palmiero Monteleone2. 1. Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. Electronic address: alessiomaria.monteleone@unicampania.it. 2. Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry 'Scuola Medica Salernitana', Section of Neurosciences, University of Salerno, Salerno, Italy. 3. Eating Disorders Center for Treatment and Research, Department of Neuroscience, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. 4. Nutrimente onlus, Milan, Italy. 5. Eating Disorders Center, Unit of Psychiatry, DAME, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. 6. Unit of Psychiatry, DAME, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. 7. Department of Psychiatry, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy. 8. Department of Mental Health, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milan, Italy. 9. Section of Psychiatry, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy. 10. Psychiatry Unit, Department of Health Sciences, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. 11. European Biomedical Research Institute of Salerno (EBRIS), Salerno, Italy. 12. Center for Treatment and Research on Eating Disorders, Mental Health Department, ASL Lecce, Lecce, Italy. 13. Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padua, Italy. 14. Psychiatry Institute, Department of Translational Medicine, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. 15. Department of Neuroscience, University of Padova, Padua, Italy; Eating Disorders Unit, Casa di Cura "Villa Margherita", Arcugnano, Italy. 16. Department of Mental Health, Asl Salerno, Salerno, Italy. 17. ED outpatient service, Mental Health Department, AV2 ASUR Marche, Jesi, Italy. 18. Department of Health Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy. 19. Eating disorders Centre Portogruaro, AULSS 4 Veneto Orientale, Italy. 20. Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy. 21. Eating Disorders Unit, Casa di Cura "Villa Margherita", Arcugnano, Italy. 22. Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, Department of Clinical Neurosciences/DIMSC, Università Politecnica delle Marche, Ancona, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: We assessed the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on specific Eating Disorder (ED) and general psychopathology in people with an ED diagnosis during the lockdown period and after the end of the related containment measures. METHODS: People with clinically defined diagnosis and undergoing treatment for an ED completed an online survey, which included adapted questions from standardized psychometric scales. Data relative to three different time periods (before, during and after the end of lockdown) were collected. Psychopathological changes over these periods were investigated and compared through one-way analysis of variance or covariance with repeated measures. RESULTS: Three hundred twelve people completed the survey (57.4% diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) or atypical AN, 20.2% with Bulimia Nervosa, 15.4% with Binge Eating Disorder, 7.05% with Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorders). The severity of both specific and general psychopathology increased during the lockdown and the rise of general symptoms persisted in the following re-opening phase, except for suicide ideation. Almost all of these findings were not affected by ED diagnosis, participants' age and illness duration. LIMITATIONS: The retrospective nature of data collection is the main limitation of the study. CONCLUSIONS: People with EDs showed a COVID-19 emergency-induced worsening of both general and specific psychopathology. The effect on general psychopathology persisted in the re-opening period. These findings suggest a high stress vulnerability of ED individuals with important effects on internalizing symptoms, which are worth of attention by clinicians.
BACKGROUND: We assessed the impact of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on specific Eating Disorder (ED) and general psychopathology in people with an ED diagnosis during the lockdown period and after the end of the related containment measures. METHODS:People with clinically defined diagnosis and undergoing treatment for an ED completed an online survey, which included adapted questions from standardized psychometric scales. Data relative to three different time periods (before, during and after the end of lockdown) were collected. Psychopathological changes over these periods were investigated and compared through one-way analysis of variance or covariance with repeated measures. RESULTS: Three hundred twelve people completed the survey (57.4% diagnosed with Anorexia Nervosa (AN) or atypical AN, 20.2% with Bulimia Nervosa, 15.4% with Binge Eating Disorder, 7.05% with Other Specified Feeding or Eating Disorders). The severity of both specific and general psychopathology increased during the lockdown and the rise of general symptoms persisted in the following re-opening phase, except for suicide ideation. Almost all of these findings were not affected by ED diagnosis, participants' age and illness duration. LIMITATIONS: The retrospective nature of data collection is the main limitation of the study. CONCLUSIONS:People with EDs showed a COVID-19 emergency-induced worsening of both general and specific psychopathology. The effect on general psychopathology persisted in the re-opening period. These findings suggest a high stress vulnerability of ED individuals with important effects on internalizing symptoms, which are worth of attention by clinicians.
Authors: Paolo Meneguzzo; Chiara Cazzola; Roberta Castegnaro; Francesca Buscaglia; Enrica Bucci; Anna Pillan; Alice Garolla; Elisa Bonello; Patrizia Todisco Journal: Front Psychol Date: 2021-03-31
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