Nirali Lohiya1, Neha Kajale2, Nikhil Lohiya1, Anuradha Khadilkar3, Vaman Khadilkar2, Ketan Gondhalekar2, Sharad Agarkhedkar1. 1. Department of Pediatrics, Dr D Y Patil Medical College & Hospital, Pune, Maharashtra, India. 2. Department of Growth and Pediatric Endocrine, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Lower Ground Floor, Block V, Jehangir Hospital, 32 Sassoon Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411 001, India. 3. Department of Growth and Pediatric Endocrine, Hirabai Cowasji Jehangir Medical Research Institute, Lower Ground Floor, Block V, Jehangir Hospital, 32 Sassoon Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411 001, India. anuradhavkhadilkar@gmail.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To assess test anxiety (TA) and factors affecting TA in school-going children. To observe the impact of TA on quality of life (QOL). METHOD: A multi-centric cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Indian schools from 6 different states in both rural and urban settings. Indian school children 9 to 18-y-old were the subjects. Demographic data, including age, gender, and socioeconomic status, were obtained. Children were administered Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) and PedsQL (Pediatric Quality of Life). TAI score (and factors affecting it in both rural and urban children) and QOL scores were assessed. RESULTS: Data on 2158 children were analyzed (1162 boys). The mean age was 13.8 ± 1.8 y, and the mean TAI score was 48.3 ± 10.2. TAI score was significantly higher in girls and rural children (p < 0.05 for both). Based on the TAI score, high, medium, and low-anxiety clusters were generated. Proportion of children with high, medium and low-anxiety scores were 18%, 48%, and 34%, respectively. Children with low anxiety had better QOL in all subdomains (p < 0.05). Regression analysis indicated increasing age, low QOL, urban living, and lower maternal education as significant predictors of high anxiety (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Girls and rural children had higher TA. Two-thirds of children studied had moderate to high TA. Increasing age, urban living, QOL, and maternal education had an impact on TA. Evaluating TA and developing appropriate strategies for stress-reduction in school children is necessary.
OBJECTIVE: To assess test anxiety (TA) and factors affecting TA in school-going children. To observe the impact of TA on quality of life (QOL). METHOD: A multi-centric cross-sectional observational study was conducted in Indian schools from 6 different states in both rural and urban settings. Indian school children 9 to 18-y-old were the subjects. Demographic data, including age, gender, and socioeconomic status, were obtained. Children were administered Test Anxiety Inventory (TAI) and PedsQL (Pediatric Quality of Life). TAI score (and factors affecting it in both rural and urban children) and QOL scores were assessed. RESULTS: Data on 2158 children were analyzed (1162 boys). The mean age was 13.8 ± 1.8 y, and the mean TAI score was 48.3 ± 10.2. TAI score was significantly higher in girls and rural children (p < 0.05 for both). Based on the TAI score, high, medium, and low-anxiety clusters were generated. Proportion of children with high, medium and low-anxiety scores were 18%, 48%, and 34%, respectively. Children with low anxiety had better QOL in all subdomains (p < 0.05). Regression analysis indicated increasing age, low QOL, urban living, and lower maternal education as significant predictors of high anxiety (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION:Girls and rural children had higher TA. Two-thirds of children studied had moderate to high TA. Increasing age, urban living, QOL, and maternal education had an impact on TA. Evaluating TA and developing appropriate strategies for stress-reduction in school children is necessary.
Entities:
Keywords:
Adolescents; Children; India; Quality of life; Test anxiety