BACKGROUND: Severe dengue (SD), experienced by only a fraction of dengue patients, can be lethal. Due to the lack of early markers that can predict the evolution of SD, all dengue patients have to be monitored under hospital care. We discovered early oxidative stress markers of SD to identify patients who can benefit from early intervention before the symptoms appear. METHODS: The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in peripheral blood cells (PBC), nitric oxide (NO), and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) levels in plasma and saliva collected at early stages of dengue infection from 20 nonsevere dengue fever (DF) patients and 20 patients who later developed SD were analyzed in a retrospective nested case-control study. RESULTS: The expression of iNOS is significantly (P < 0.05) lower in patients who developed SD than in DF patients at admission within 4 days from fever onset. Median plasma NO concentration within 4 days from fever onset is also significantly (P < 0.05) lower in patients who developed SD (17.9 ± 1.6 μmol/L) than DF (23.0 ± 2.1 μmol/L). Median oxLDL levels in plasma within 3 days from fever onset is significantly (P < 0.05) lower in patients who developed SD (509.4 ± 224.1 ng/mL) than DF (740.0 ± 300.0 ng/mL). Median salivary oxLDL levels are also significantly (P < 0.05) lower in patients who developed SD (0.8 ± 0.5 ng/mL) than DF (3.6 ± 2.6 ng/mL) within 4 days from fever onset. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the expression of iNOS (73% sensitivity, 86% specificity) and plasma NO (96% sensitivity, 61% specificity at 22.3 μmol/L; P < 0.05) may serve as early markers of SD within 3 days from fever onset. Salivary oxLDL levels may serve as early noninvasive markers of SD with a sensitivity and specificity, respectively, of 57% and 91% at 0.9 ng/mL; 76% and 55% at 2.3 ng/mL; and 100% and 50% at 4.6 ng/mL (P < 0.05) within 4 days from fever onset.
BACKGROUND: Severe dengue (SD), experienced by only a fraction of dengue patients, can be lethal. Due to the lack of early markers that can predict the evolution of SD, all dengue patients have to be monitored under hospital care. We discovered early oxidative stress markers of SD to identify patients who can benefit from early intervention before the symptoms appear. METHODS: The expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in peripheral blood cells (PBC), nitric oxide (NO), and oxidized low-density lipoprotein (oxLDL) levels in plasma and saliva collected at early stages of dengue infection from 20 nonsevere dengue fever (DF) patients and 20 patients who later developed SD were analyzed in a retrospective nested case-control study. RESULTS: The expression of iNOS is significantly (P < 0.05) lower in patients who developed SD than in DF patients at admission within 4 days from fever onset. Median plasma NO concentration within 4 days from fever onset is also significantly (P < 0.05) lower in patients who developed SD (17.9 ± 1.6 μmol/L) than DF (23.0 ± 2.1 μmol/L). Median oxLDL levels in plasma within 3 days from fever onset is significantly (P < 0.05) lower in patients who developed SD (509.4 ± 224.1 ng/mL) than DF (740.0 ± 300.0 ng/mL). Median salivary oxLDL levels are also significantly (P < 0.05) lower in patients who developed SD (0.8 ± 0.5 ng/mL) than DF (3.6 ± 2.6 ng/mL) within 4 days from fever onset. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the expression of iNOS (73% sensitivity, 86% specificity) and plasma NO (96% sensitivity, 61% specificity at 22.3 μmol/L; P < 0.05) may serve as early markers of SD within 3 days from fever onset. Salivary oxLDL levels may serve as early noninvasive markers of SD with a sensitivity and specificity, respectively, of 57% and 91% at 0.9 ng/mL; 76% and 55% at 2.3 ng/mL; and 100% and 50% at 4.6 ng/mL (P < 0.05) within 4 days from fever onset.
Authors: R De Giuseppe; G Cossellu; L Vigna; F Dicorato; C De Vita; G Venturelli; F Bamonti; R Maiavacca; G Farronato Journal: J Oral Pathol Med Date: 2015-03-28 Impact factor: 4.253
Authors: Saranya Sridhar; Alexander Luedtke; Edith Langevin; Ming Zhu; Matthew Bonaparte; Tifany Machabert; Stephen Savarino; Betzana Zambrano; Annick Moureau; Alena Khromava; Zoe Moodie; Ted Westling; Cesar Mascareñas; Carina Frago; Margarita Cortés; Danaya Chansinghakul; Fernando Noriega; Alain Bouckenooghe; Josh Chen; Su-Peing Ng; Peter B Gilbert; Sanjay Gurunathan; Carlos A DiazGranados Journal: N Engl J Med Date: 2018-06-13 Impact factor: 91.245
Authors: M Michels; B Alisjahbana; P G De Groot; A R Indrati; R Fijnheer; M Puspita; I M W Dewi; L van de Wijer; E M S de Boer; M Roest; A J A M van der Ven; Q de Mast Journal: Thromb Haemost Date: 2014-04-03 Impact factor: 5.249
Authors: Samir Bhatt; Peter W Gething; Oliver J Brady; Jane P Messina; Andrew W Farlow; Catherine L Moyes; John M Drake; John S Brownstein; Anne G Hoen; Osman Sankoh; Monica F Myers; Dylan B George; Thomas Jaenisch; G R William Wint; Cameron P Simmons; Thomas W Scott; Jeremy J Farrar; Simon I Hay Journal: Nature Date: 2013-04-07 Impact factor: 49.962
Authors: Gathsaurie Neelika Malavige; Li-Chieh Huang; Maryam Salimi; Laksiri Gomes; S D Jayaratne; Graham S Ogg Journal: PLoS One Date: 2012-11-29 Impact factor: 3.240