Onder Cinar1, Tahsin Turunc2, Ilke Onur Kazaz3, Omer Yildirim4, Hasan Deliktas5, Ahmet Cihan6, Ahmet Gudeloglu7, Iyimser Ure8, Serkan Deveci9, Bahadir Sahin10, Bilge Piri Cinar11, Hamdi Ozkara4. 1. Department of Urology, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey. 2. Urology Clinic, Iskenderun Gelisim Hospital, Iskenderun, Turkey. 3. Department of Urology, Karadeniz Technical University, Trabzon, Turkey. 4. Department of Urology, Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. 5. Department of Urology, Mugla Sitki Kocman University, Mugla, Turkey. 6. Department of Urology, Nigde Omer Halisdemir University, Nigde, Turkey. 7. Department of Urology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey. 8. Department of Urology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Eskisehir, Turkey. 9. Department of Urology, Istanbul Rumeli University, Istanbul, Turkey. 10. Department of Urology, Marmara University Medical Faculty, Istanbul, Turkey. 11. Department of Neurology, Zonguldak Bulent Ecevit University, Zonguldak, Turkey.
Abstract
AIMS OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of testosterone deficiency on cognitive functions in metastatic prostate cancer patients receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). METHODS: In this multicentric prospective study, 65 metastatic prostate cancer patients were evaluated. Demographic and clinical data were recorded. Cognitive functions were assessed using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, the California Verbal Learning Test Second Edition, the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised, and the Trail Making Test. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory. Cognitive functions and depressive symptoms were recorded before the androgen deprivation therapy and at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups. RESULTS: At the basal cognitive assessment, the mean Symbol Digit Modalities Test, the California Verbal Learning Test Second Edition, the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised scores were 25.84 ± 17.54, 32.68 ± 10.60, and 17.63 ± 11.23, respectively, and the mean time for the Trail Making Test was 221.56 ± 92.44 seconds, and were similar at the 3-month, and 6-month controls (P > .05). The mean pretreatment, third and sixth month testosterone levels were 381.40 ± 157.53 ng/dL, 21.61 ± 9.09 ng/dL and 12.25 ± 6.45 ng/dL (P < .05), and the total PSA levels were 46.46 ± 37.83 ng/mL, 1.41 ± 3.31 ng/mL and 0.08 ± 0.14 ng/mL (P < .05), respectively. CONCLUSION: The ADT in patients with metastatic prostate cancer does not affect patients' cognitive functions and depressive symptoms. However, further prospective randomised studies with higher cohorts and longer follow-up periods are needed.
AIMS OF THE STUDY: The aim of this study was to investigate the impact of testosteronedeficiency on cognitive functions in metastatic prostate cancerpatients receiving androgen deprivation therapy (ADT). METHODS: In this multicentric prospective study, 65 metastatic prostate cancerpatients were evaluated. Demographic and clinical data were recorded. Cognitive functions were assessed using the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, the California Verbal Learning Test Second Edition, the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised, and the Trail Making Test. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory. Cognitive functions and depressive symptoms were recorded before the androgen deprivation therapy and at the 3- and 6-month follow-ups. RESULTS: At the basal cognitive assessment, the mean Symbol Digit Modalities Test, the California Verbal Learning Test Second Edition, the Brief Visuospatial Memory Test-Revised scores were 25.84 ± 17.54, 32.68 ± 10.60, and 17.63 ± 11.23, respectively, and the mean time for the Trail Making Test was 221.56 ± 92.44 seconds, and were similar at the 3-month, and 6-month controls (P > .05). The mean pretreatment, third and sixth month testosterone levels were 381.40 ± 157.53 ng/dL, 21.61 ± 9.09 ng/dL and 12.25 ± 6.45 ng/dL (P < .05), and the total PSA levels were 46.46 ± 37.83 ng/mL, 1.41 ± 3.31 ng/mL and 0.08 ± 0.14 ng/mL (P < .05), respectively. CONCLUSION: The ADT in patients with metastatic prostate cancer does not affect patients' cognitive functions and depressive symptoms. However, further prospective randomised studies with higher cohorts and longer follow-up periods are needed.