Sharleen M Traynor1, Lisa R Metsch2, Lauren Gooden2, Maxine Stitzer3, Tim Matheson4, Susan Tross5, Adam W Carrico6, Mamta K Jain7, Carlos Del Rio8, Daniel J Feaster6. 1. University of Miami Miller School of Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. Electronic address: smtraynor@med.miami.edu. 2. Columbia University, Mailman School of Public Health, Department of Sociomedical Sciences, 2971 Broadway, 612 Lewisohn Hall, New York, NY, 10027, USA. 3. Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, 5510 Nathan Shock Drive, Suite 1500, Baltimore, MD, 21224, USA. 4. San Francisco Department of Public Health, Center for Public Health Research, 25 Van Ness Avenue, Suite 500, San Francisco, CA, 94102, USA. 5. Columbia University, Department of Psychiatry, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY, 10032, USA. 6. University of Miami Miller School of Public Health, Department of Public Health Sciences, 1120 NW 14th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA. 7. University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, 5323 Harry Hines Boulevard, Dallas, TX, 75390, USA. 8. Emory University School of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, 100 Woodruff Circle, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: People living with HIV who report substance use (PLWH-SU) face many barriers to care, resulting in an increased risk for poor health outcomes and the potential for ongoing disease transmission. This study evaluates the mechanisms by which Patient Navigation (PN) and Contingency Management (CM) interventions may work to address barriers to care and improve HIV outcomes in this population. METHODS: Mediation analysis was conducted using data from a randomized, multi-site trial testing PN interventions to improve HIV care outcomes among 801 hospitalized PLHW-SU. Direct and indirect effects of PN and PN + CM were evaluated through five potential mediators-psychosocial conditions, healthcare avoidance, financial hardship, system barriers, and self-efficacy for HIV treatment adherence-on engagement in HIV care and viral suppression. RESULTS: The PN + CM intervention had an indirect effect on improving engagement in HIV care at 6 months by increasing self-efficacy for HIV treatment adherence (β = 0.042, 95% CI = 0.008, 0.086). PN + CM also led to increases in viral suppression at 6 months (β = 0.090, 95% CI = 0.023, 0.168) and 12 months (β = 0.069, 95% CI = 0.009, 0.129) via increases in self-efficacy, although the direct effects were not significant. No mediating effects were observed for PN alone. CONCLUSION: PN + CM interventions for PLWH-SU can increase an individual's self-efficacy for HIV treatment adherence, which in turn improves engagement in care at 6 months and may contribute to viral suppression over 12 months. Building self-efficacy may be a key factor in the success of such interventions and should be considered as a primary goal of PN + CM in practice.
BACKGROUND: People living with HIV who report substance use (PLWH-SU) face many barriers to care, resulting in an increased risk for poor health outcomes and the potential for ongoing disease transmission. This study evaluates the mechanisms by which Patient Navigation (PN) and Contingency Management (CM) interventions may work to address barriers to care and improve HIV outcomes in this population. METHODS: Mediation analysis was conducted using data from a randomized, multi-site trial testing PN interventions to improve HIV care outcomes among 801 hospitalized PLHW-SU. Direct and indirect effects of PN and PN + CM were evaluated through five potential mediators-psychosocial conditions, healthcare avoidance, financial hardship, system barriers, and self-efficacy for HIV treatment adherence-on engagement in HIV care and viral suppression. RESULTS: The PN + CM intervention had an indirect effect on improving engagement in HIV care at 6 months by increasing self-efficacy for HIV treatment adherence (β = 0.042, 95% CI = 0.008, 0.086). PN + CM also led to increases in viral suppression at 6 months (β = 0.090, 95% CI = 0.023, 0.168) and 12 months (β = 0.069, 95% CI = 0.009, 0.129) via increases in self-efficacy, although the direct effects were not significant. No mediating effects were observed for PN alone. CONCLUSION: PN + CM interventions for PLWH-SU can increase an individual's self-efficacy for HIV treatment adherence, which in turn improves engagement in care at 6 months and may contribute to viral suppression over 12 months. Building self-efficacy may be a key factor in the success of such interventions and should be considered as a primary goal of PN + CM in practice.
Authors: Mallory O Johnson; Torsten B Neilands; Samantha E Dilworth; Stephen F Morin; Robert H Remien; Margaret A Chesney Journal: J Behav Med Date: 2007-06-23
Authors: Antoine D Brantley; Samuel Burgess; Jacquelyn Bickham; Deborah Wendell; DeAnn Gruber Journal: Public Health Rep Date: 2018 Nov/Dec Impact factor: 2.792
Authors: Janet J Myers; Mi-Suk Kang Dufour; Kimberly A Koester; Mark Morewitz; Rebecca Packard; Kate Monico Klein; Milton Estes; Brie Williams; Alissa Riker; Jacqueline Tulsky Journal: Am J Public Health Date: 2018-01-18 Impact factor: 9.308