Hong-Bae Kim1, Jung-Ha Kim2. 1. Department of Family Medicine, Myongji Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Goyang, Republic of Korea. 2. Department of Family Medicine, Chung-ang University Medical Center, Chung-ang University College of Medicine, 102, Heukseok-ro, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 06973, Republic of Korea. girlpower219@cau.ac.kr.
Abstract
PURPOSE: Several observational studies have shown contradictory results regarding the association between sunlight exposure and the risk of malignant lymphoma. Thus, we aimed to systematically determine the association between sunlight exposure and lymphoid malignancy risk through a meta-analysis. METHODS: A thorough search of four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus) was performed to identify eligible studies until 13 August 2020. A random-effects model was used to calculate risk estimates of sunlight exposure. The main outcome measure was the risk of lymphoid malignancy subtypes with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) according to various forms of solar ultraviolet radiation. RESULTS: In total, 17 case-control studies and 9 cohort studies including 216,285 non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and 23,017 Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) patients were included in the final analysis. Personal sunlight exposure was significantly associated with a decreased risk of HL (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.68-0.87) and NHL (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.71-0.92), including all subtypes except T-cell lymphoma. Ambient sunlight exposure at residence was associated with a reduced risk of HL (OR 0.88; 95% CI 0.81-0.95) and all NHL subtypes (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.73-0.96), except for chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. As the number of sunburns and sunbaths increased, the risk of NHL tended to decrease. CONCLUSION: While there was an observed protective effect both from case-control and prospective studies, substantial heterogeneity was found in the current study. Thus, more evidence is required to confirm that promoting sunlight exposure can prevent the development of lymphoid neoplasia.
PURPOSE: Several observational studies have shown contradictory results regarding the association between sunlight exposure and the risk of malignant lymphoma. Thus, we aimed to systematically determine the association between sunlight exposure and lymphoid malignancy risk through a meta-analysis. METHODS: A thorough search of four electronic databases (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus) was performed to identify eligible studies until 13 August 2020. A random-effects model was used to calculate risk estimates of sunlight exposure. The main outcome measure was the risk of lymphoid malignancy subtypes with odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) according to various forms of solar ultraviolet radiation. RESULTS: In total, 17 case-control studies and 9 cohort studies including 216,285 non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) and 23,017 Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) patients were included in the final analysis. Personal sunlight exposure was significantly associated with a decreased risk of HL (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.68-0.87) and NHL (OR 0.81; 95% CI 0.71-0.92), including all subtypes except T-cell lymphoma. Ambient sunlight exposure at residence was associated with a reduced risk of HL (OR 0.88; 95% CI 0.81-0.95) and all NHL subtypes (OR 0.84; 95% CI 0.73-0.96), except for chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma. As the number of sunburns and sunbaths increased, the risk of NHL tended to decrease. CONCLUSION: While there was an observed protective effect both from case-control and prospective studies, substantial heterogeneity was found in the current study. Thus, more evidence is required to confirm that promoting sunlight exposure can prevent the development of lymphoid neoplasia.
Authors: Claudia Allemani; Tomohiro Matsuda; Veronica Di Carlo; Rhea Harewood; Melissa Matz; Maja Nikšić; Audrey Bonaventure; Mikhail Valkov; Christopher J Johnson; Jacques Estève; Olufemi J Ogunbiyi; Gulnar Azevedo E Silva; Wan-Qing Chen; Sultan Eser; Gerda Engholm; Charles A Stiller; Alain Monnereau; Ryan R Woods; Otto Visser; Gek Hsiang Lim; Joanne Aitken; Hannah K Weir; Michel P Coleman Journal: Lancet Date: 2018-01-31 Impact factor: 79.321
Authors: K D Cooper; L Oberhelman; T A Hamilton; O Baadsgaard; M Terhune; G LeVee; T Anderson; H Koren Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 1992-09-15 Impact factor: 11.205
Authors: Lindsay M Morton; Susan L Slager; James R Cerhan; Sophia S Wang; Claire M Vajdic; Christine F Skibola; Paige M Bracci; Silvia de Sanjosé; Karin E Smedby; Brian C H Chiu; Yawei Zhang; Sam M Mbulaiteye; Alain Monnereau; Jennifer J Turner; Jacqueline Clavel; Hans-Olov Adami; Ellen T Chang; Bengt Glimelius; Henrik Hjalgrim; Mads Melbye; Paolo Crosignani; Simonetta di Lollo; Lucia Miligi; Oriana Nanni; Valerio Ramazzotti; Stefania Rodella; Adele Seniori Costantini; Emanuele Stagnaro; Rosario Tumino; Carla Vindigni; Paolo Vineis; Nikolaus Becker; Yolanda Benavente; Paolo Boffetta; Paul Brennan; Pierluigi Cocco; Lenka Foretova; Marc Maynadié; Alexandra Nieters; Anthony Staines; Joanne S Colt; Wendy Cozen; Scott Davis; Anneclaire J de Roos; Patricia Hartge; Nathaniel Rothman; Richard K Severson; Elizabeth A Holly; Timothy G Call; Andrew L Feldman; Thomas M Habermann; Mark Liebow; Aaron Blair; Kenneth P Cantor; Eleanor V Kane; Tracy Lightfoot; Eve Roman; Alex Smith; Angela Brooks-Wilson; Joseph M Connors; Randy D Gascoyne; John J Spinelli; Bruce K Armstrong; Anne Kricker; Theodore R Holford; Qing Lan; Tongzhang Zheng; Laurent Orsi; Luigino Dal Maso; Silvia Franceschi; Carlo La Vecchia; Eva Negri; Diego Serraino; Leslie Bernstein; Alexandra Levine; Jonathan W Friedberg; Jennifer L Kelly; Sonja I Berndt; Brenda M Birmann; Christina A Clarke; Christopher R Flowers; James M Foran; Marshall E Kadin; Ora Paltiel; Dennis D Weisenburger; Martha S Linet; Joshua N Sampson Journal: J Natl Cancer Inst Monogr Date: 2014-08