Syng-Ook Lee1, So Young Chun2, EunHye Lee2, Bomi Kim2, BoHyun Yoon2, Haejung Gil2, Dae Hwan Kim3, Byung Ik Jang4, Dong Woo Lee5, Eun Sang Yoo5, Dong Jin Park5, Jun Nyung Lee5, Man-Hoon Han6, Bum Soo Kim5, Phil Hyun Song7, Tae Gyun Kwon5, Yun-Sok Ha5. 1. Department of Food Science and Technology, Keimyung University, Daegu 42601, Republic of Korea. 2. BioMedical Research Institute, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu 41940, Republic of Korea. 3. Department of Laboratory Animal Research Support Team, Yeungnam University Hospital, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea. 4. Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea. 5. Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea. 6. Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea. 7. Department of Urology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu 42415, Republic of Korea.
Abstract
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mice were divided into four groups: normal, untreated, low- (2 mg), and high-dose (8 mg) beluga lentil treatment groups. Beluga lentil was orally administered for 2 weeks, followed by bilateral renal ischemia for 20 min and reperfusion for 30 min. Blood samples and kidney tissues were collected and analyzed to investigate renal function, histopathology, epithelial and endothelial cell damage, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses. RESULTS: The pretreated groups maintained renal function, with significantly lower blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels, compared with the other groups. The histopathological analysis showed reduced proximal tubule injury and decreased injury-related molecule (kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)) secretion in the pretreated groups compared with the other groups. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling- (TUNEL-) positive cells and the secretion of apoptosis-related molecules (Fas and caspase 3) were significantly reduced in the pretreated groups compared with the other groups. The pretreated groups showed positive microvessel-associated gene (cluster of differentiation (CD31)) expression and negative adhesion molecule (intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1)) expression. An antioxidant effect was observed in the pretreatment groups, with reduced malonaldehyde (MDA) expression and increased antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) secretion. In the pretreated groups, F4/80+ macrophages and CD4+ T cell infiltration were inhibited and proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α) levels decreased; however, the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (transforming growth factor- (TGF-) β, IL-10, and IL-22) increased. CONCLUSIONS: Beluga lentil pretreatment demonstrated protective effects against I/R-induced renal damage, via antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities.
MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mice were divided into four groups: normal, untreated, low- (2 mg), and high-dose (8 mg) beluga lentil treatment groups. Beluga lentil was orally administered for 2 weeks, followed by bilateral renal ischemia for 20 min and reperfusion for 30 min. Blood samples and kidney tissues were collected and analyzed to investigate renal function, histopathology, epithelial and endothelial cell damage, apoptosis, oxidative stress, and inflammatory responses. RESULTS: The pretreated groups maintained renal function, with significantly lower blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels, compared with the other groups. The histopathological analysis showed reduced proximal tubule injury and decreased injury-related molecule (kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL)) secretion in the pretreated groups compared with the other groups. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling- (TUNEL-) positive cells and the secretion of apoptosis-related molecules (Fas and caspase 3) were significantly reduced in the pretreated groups compared with the other groups. The pretreated groups showed positive microvessel-associated gene (cluster of differentiation (CD31)) expression and negative adhesion molecule (intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1)) expression. An antioxidant effect was observed in the pretreatment groups, with reduced malonaldehyde (MDA) expression and increased antioxidant enzyme (superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx)) secretion. In the pretreated groups, F4/80+ macrophages and CD4+ T cell infiltration were inhibited and proinflammatory cytokine (interleukin- (IL-) 1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α) levels decreased; however, the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (transforming growth factor- (TGF-) β, IL-10, and IL-22) increased. CONCLUSIONS: Beluga lentil pretreatment demonstrated protective effects against I/R-induced renal damage, via antiapoptotic, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activities.
Authors: Bin Yang; Sunjay Jain; Izabella Z A Pawluczyk; Shehla Imtiaz; Lee Bowley; Shairbanu Y Ashra; Michael L Nicholson Journal: Kidney Int Date: 2005-11 Impact factor: 10.612
Authors: Takaharu Ichimura; Edwin J P V Asseldonk; Benjamin D Humphreys; Lakshman Gunaratnam; Jeremy S Duffield; Joseph V Bonventre Journal: J Clin Invest Date: 2008-05 Impact factor: 14.808