Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs1,2,3, Wellington Amaral4, Gabriele R Lubach4, Mark Lyte5, Gregory J Phillips5, Joram M Posma6, Christopher L Coe4, Jonathan R Swann6,7,8. 1. Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain. 2. Nutrition, Eumetabolism and Health Group, Girona Biomedical Research Institute (IdibGi), Girona, Spain. 3. Obesity and Nutrition, Madrid, Spain. 4. Harlow Center for Biological Psychology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. 5. College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University. 6. Department of Metabolism, DigCIBER in Physiopathology of estion and Reproduction, Imperial College London, UK. 7. School of Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, UK. 8. Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Sweden.
Abstract
SCOPE: Iron deficiency (ID) compromises the health of infants worldwide. Although readily treated with iron, concerns remain about the persistence of some effects. Metabolic and gut microbial consequences of infantile ID were investigated in juvenile monkeys after natural recovery (pID) from iron deficiency or post-treatment with iron dextran and B vitamins (pID+Fe). METHODS AND RESULTS: Metabolomic profiling of urine and plasma is conducted with 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Gut microbiota are characterized from rectal swabs by amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Urinary metabolic profiles of pID monkeys significantly differed from pID+Fe and continuously iron-sufficient controls (IS) with higher maltose and lower amounts of microbial-derived metabolites. Persistent differences in energy metabolism are apparent from the plasma metabolic phenotypes with greater reliance on anaerobic glycolysis in pID monkeys. Microbial profiling indicated higher abundances of Methanobrevibacter, Lachnobacterium, and Ruminococcus in pID monkeys and any history of ID resulted in a lower Prevotella abundance compared to the IS controls. CONCLUSIONS: Lingering metabolic and microbial effects are found after natural recovery from ID. These long-term biochemical derangements are not present in the pID+Fe animals emphasizing the importance of the early detection and treatment of early-life ID to ameliorate its chronic metabolic effects.
SCOPE: Iron deficiency (ID) compromises the health of infants worldwide. Although readily treated with iron, concerns remain about the persistence of some effects. Metabolic and gut microbial consequences of infantile ID were investigated in juvenile monkeys after natural recovery (pID) from iron deficiency or post-treatment with iron dextran and B vitamins (pID+Fe). METHODS AND RESULTS: Metabolomic profiling of urine and plasma is conducted with 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Gut microbiota are characterized from rectal swabs by amplicon sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene. Urinary metabolic profiles of pID monkeys significantly differed from pID+Fe and continuously iron-sufficient controls (IS) with higher maltose and lower amounts of microbial-derived metabolites. Persistent differences in energy metabolism are apparent from the plasma metabolic phenotypes with greater reliance on anaerobic glycolysis in pID monkeys. Microbial profiling indicated higher abundances of Methanobrevibacter, Lachnobacterium, and Ruminococcus in pID monkeys and any history of ID resulted in a lower Prevotella abundance compared to the IS controls. CONCLUSIONS: Lingering metabolic and microbial effects are found after natural recovery from ID. These long-term biochemical derangements are not present in the pID+Fe animals emphasizing the importance of the early detection and treatment of early-life ID to ameliorate its chronic metabolic effects.
Authors: Milena M Awad; Jackie K Cheung; Joanne E Tan; Alastair G McEwan; Dena Lyras; Julian I Rood Journal: Anaerobe Date: 2016-05-10 Impact factor: 3.331
Authors: Raghavendra Rao; Kathleen Ennis; Gabriele R Lubach; Eric F Lock; Michael K Georgieff; Christopher L Coe Journal: Nutr Neurosci Date: 2016-08-06 Impact factor: 4.994