BACKGROUND & AIMS: It is unclear whether the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has a favorable effect on blood pressure (BP) levels because among randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the MedDiet-mediated BP reduction significant methodological and clinical differences are observed. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively assess the MedDiet BP-effect compared to the usual diet or another dietary intervention (e.g. low-fat diet) in adults with and without hypertension, accounting for methodological and clinical confounders. METHODS: We systematically searched Medline and the Cochrane Collaboration Library databases and identified 35 RCTs (13,943 participants). Random-effects model was used to calculate the mean attained systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) differences during follow-up. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were also conducted. RESULTS: Compared to the usual diet and all other active intervention diets the MedDiet reduced SBP and DBP (difference in means: -1.5 mm Hg; 95% CI: -2.8, -0.1; P = 0.035, and -0.9 mm Hg; 95% CI: -1.5, -0.3; P = 0.002, respectively). Compared only to the usual diet the MedDiet reduced SBP and DBP, while compared to all other active intervention diets or only to the low-fat diet the MedDiet did not reduce SBP and DBP. The MedDiet reduced DBP levels to a higher extent in trials with mean baseline SBP ≥130 mm Hg, while both SBP and DBP were reduced more in trials with a mean follow-up period ≥16 weeks. The quality of evidence was rated as moderate for both outcomes according to the grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) approach. CONCLUSIONS: The adoption of the MedDiet was accompanied by a relatively small, but yet significant BP reduction, while higher baseline SBP levels and longer follow-up duration enhanced the BP-lowering effect of the intervention. This meta-analysis was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) as CRD42020167308. REGISTRY NUMBER: CRD42020167308.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: It is unclear whether the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has a favorable effect on blood pressure (BP) levels because among randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the MedDiet-mediated BP reduction significant methodological and clinical differences are observed. The purpose of this study was to comprehensively assess the MedDiet BP-effect compared to the usual diet or another dietary intervention (e.g. low-fat diet) in adults with and without hypertension, accounting for methodological and clinical confounders. METHODS: We systematically searched Medline and the Cochrane Collaboration Library databases and identified 35 RCTs (13,943 participants). Random-effects model was used to calculate the mean attained systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP) differences during follow-up. Subgroup and meta-regression analyses were also conducted. RESULTS: Compared to the usual diet and all other active intervention diets the MedDiet reduced SBP and DBP (difference in means: -1.5 mm Hg; 95% CI: -2.8, -0.1; P = 0.035, and -0.9 mm Hg; 95% CI: -1.5, -0.3; P = 0.002, respectively). Compared only to the usual diet the MedDiet reduced SBP and DBP, while compared to all other active intervention diets or only to the low-fat diet the MedDiet did not reduce SBP and DBP. The MedDiet reduced DBP levels to a higher extent in trials with mean baseline SBP ≥130 mm Hg, while both SBP and DBP were reduced more in trials with a mean follow-up period ≥16 weeks. The quality of evidence was rated as moderate for both outcomes according to the grading of recommendations, assessment, development and evaluation (GRADE) approach. CONCLUSIONS: The adoption of the MedDiet was accompanied by a relatively small, but yet significant BP reduction, while higher baseline SBP levels and longer follow-up duration enhanced the BP-lowering effect of the intervention. This meta-analysis was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) as CRD42020167308. REGISTRY NUMBER: CRD42020167308.
Authors: Diana Rinker; Paula Gardiner; Lisa McGonigal; Ariel Villa; Lara C Kovell; Pallavi Rohela; Andrew Cauley; Barbara Olendzki Journal: JMIR Form Res Date: 2022-05-16
Authors: Michael Hartley; Claire L Fyfe; Nicholas J Wareham; Kay-Tee Khaw; Alexandra M Johnstone; Phyo K Myint Journal: Nutrients Date: 2022-08-16 Impact factor: 6.706
Authors: Lisa Tussing-Humphreys; Melissa Lamar; Andrew McLeod; Linda Schiffer; Lara Blumstein; Roxanne Dakers; Aimee Karstens; Nefertiti Oji Njideka Hemphill; Desmona Strahan; Leilah Siegel; Jennifer Sanchez Flack; Mirjana Antonic; Leo Restrepo; Michael Berbaum; Marian Fitzgibbon Journal: Prev Med Rep Date: 2022-08-19