| Literature DB >> 33581928 |
Akitoshi Nakashima1, Tomoko Shima2, Aiko Aoki2, Mihoko Kawaguchi2, Ippei Yasuda2, Sayaka Tsuda2, Satoshi Yoneda2, Akemi Yamaki-Ushijima2, Shi-Bin Cheng3, Surendra Sharma3, Shigeru Saito2.
Abstract
Cytotrophoblasts differentiate in two directions during early placentation: syncytiotrophoblasts (STBs) and extravillous trophoblasts (EVTs). STBs face maternal immune cells in placentas, and EVTs, which invade the decidua and uterine myometrium, face the cells in the uterus. This situation, in which trophoblasts come into contact with maternal immune cells, is known as the maternal-fetal interface. Despite fetuses and fetus-derived trophoblast cells being of the semi-allogeneic conceptus, fetuses and placentas are not rejected by the maternal immune system because of maternal-fetal tolerance. The acquired tolerance develops during normal placentation, resulting in normal fetal development in humans. In this review, we introduce placental development from the viewpoint of molecular biology. In addition, we discuss how the disruption of placental development could lead to complications in pregnancy, such as hypertensive disorder of pregnancy, fetal growth restriction, or miscarriage.Entities:
Keywords: Autophagy; Placenta; Regulatory T cells; Senescence; Syncytialization
Mesh：
Year: 2021 PMID： 33581928 PMCID： PMC8825288 DOI： 10.1016/j.humimm.2021.01.012
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Hum Immunol ISSN： 0198-8859 Impact factor: 2.850