Jing Shao1,2, Xiyi Wang3, Ping Zou4, Peige Song5, Dandan Chen2, Hui Zhang2, Leiwen Tang1, Qingmei Huang6, Zhihong Ye1,2. 1. Nursing Department, The Affiliated Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 3 East Qinchun Road, Hangzhou 310020, China. 2. School of Nursing, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310012, China. 3. School of Nursing, Shanghai JiaoTong University, 227 South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China. 4. School of Nursing, Nipissing University, 750 Dundas Street West, Room 209, Toronto, Ontario M6J 3S3, Canada. 5. School of Public Health, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 866 Yuhangtang Road, Hangzhou 310012, China. 6. School of Nursing, Fudan University, 305 Fenglin Road, Shanghai 200032, China.
Abstract
AIMS: Lifestyle factors have been well-established as essential targets for fighting individual chronic diseases, but little research has concentrated on multimorbidity from the perspective of multiple lifestyle factors in the Chinese population. Thus, this study aimed to explore the associations of lifestyle factors with the occurrence of multimorbidity. METHODS AND RESULTS: Cross-sectional data retrieved from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used for analysis. Multimorbidity was calculated on a simple count of self-reported chronic conditions. Lifestyle factors included sleep duration, physical activity, alcohol intake, smoking status, and body mass index. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the independent and accumulating effects of lifestyle factors on multimorbidity. Latent class analysis was performed to explore the lifestyle patterns. Six thousand, five hundred, and ninety-one valid subjects were included for analysis. Overall, the community dweller's median number of chronic conditions was 1 (range 1-11) and median number of high-risk lifestyle factors was 2 (range 0-5). All lifestyle factors were associated with the occurrence of multimorbidity but varied between genders. We also identified that participants who accumulated more unhealthy lifestyle factors having a higher likelihood of multimorbidity. 'Physical activity and weight', 'smoke and drink', and 'sleep and weight' dominated high-risk lifestyles were the most common lifestyle patterns. CONCLUSION: This study revealed the associations of unhealthy lifestyle factors and their accumulating effect with multimorbidity in Chinese community dwellers. Three common lifestyle patterns indicated that a holistic approach focused on engaging and changing multiple modifiable lifestyle behaviours within an individual might be more effective in managing multimorbidity. Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved.
AIMS: Lifestyle factors have been well-established as essential targets for fighting individual chronic diseases, but little research has concentrated on multimorbidity from the perspective of multiple lifestyle factors in the Chinese population. Thus, this study aimed to explore the associations of lifestyle factors with the occurrence of multimorbidity. METHODS AND RESULTS: Cross-sectional data retrieved from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study were used for analysis. Multimorbidity was calculated on a simple count of self-reported chronic conditions. Lifestyle factors included sleep duration, physical activity, alcohol intake, smoking status, and body mass index. Logistic regression analysis was used to examine the independent and accumulating effects of lifestyle factors on multimorbidity. Latent class analysis was performed to explore the lifestyle patterns. Six thousand, five hundred, and ninety-one valid subjects were included for analysis. Overall, the community dweller's median number of chronic conditions was 1 (range 1-11) and median number of high-risk lifestyle factors was 2 (range 0-5). All lifestyle factors were associated with the occurrence of multimorbidity but varied between genders. We also identified that participants who accumulated more unhealthy lifestyle factors having a higher likelihood of multimorbidity. 'Physical activity and weight', 'smoke and drink', and 'sleep and weight' dominated high-risk lifestyles were the most common lifestyle patterns. CONCLUSION: This study revealed the associations of unhealthy lifestyle factors and their accumulating effect with multimorbidity in Chinese community dwellers. Three common lifestyle patterns indicated that a holistic approach focused on engaging and changing multiple modifiable lifestyle behaviours within an individual might be more effective in managing multimorbidity. Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved.