Mackenzie L Shanahan 1 , Ian C Fischer 1 , Adam T Hirsh 1 , Jesse C Stewart 1 , Kevin L Rand 1 Show Affiliations »
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Generalized expectancies have been theorized to play key roles in pain-related outcomes, but the empirical findings have been mixed. PURPOSE: The primary aim of this meta-analysis was to quantify the relationships between two of the most researched positive generalized expectancies (i.e., hope and optimism) and pain-related outcomes (i.e., pain severity, physical functioning, and psychological dysfunction) for those experiencing clinical pain. METHODS: A total of 96 studies and 31,780 participants with a broad array of pain diagnoses were included in analyses, using random-effects models. RESULTS: Both hope and optimism had negative correlations with pain severity (hope: r = -.168, p < .001; optimism: r = -.157, p < .001), positive correlations with physical functioning (hope: r = .199, p < .001; optimism: r = .175, p < .001), and negative correlations with psychological dysfunction (hope: r = -.349, p = .001; optimism: r = -.430, p <.001). CONCLUSION: The current findings suggest that hope and optimism are similarly associated with adaptive pain-related outcomes. Future research should examine the efficacy of interventions on hope and optimism in ameliorating the experience of clinical pain. © Society of Behavioral Medicine 2021. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
BACKGROUND: Generalized expectancies have been theorized to play key roles in pain-related outcomes, but the empirical findings have been mixed. PURPOSE: The primary aim of this meta-analysis was to quantify the relationships between two of the most researched positive generalized expectancies (i.e., hope and optimism) and pain-related outcomes (i.e., pain severity, physical functioning, and psychological dysfunction) for those experiencing clinical pain. METHODS: A total of 96 studies and 31,780 participants with a broad array of pain diagnoses were included in analyses, using random-effects models. RESULTS: Both hope and optimism had negative correlations with pain severity (hope: r = -.168, p < .001; optimism: r = -.157, p < .001), positive correlations with physical functioning (hope: r = .199, p < .001; optimism: r = .175, p < .001), and negative correlations with psychological dysfunction (hope: r = -.349, p = .001; optimism: r = -.430, p <.001). CONCLUSION: The current findings suggest that hope and optimism are similarly associated with adaptive pain-related outcomes. Future research should examine the efficacy of interventions on hope and optimism in ameliorating the experience of clinical pain. © Society of Behavioral Medicine 2021. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oup.com.
Entities: Chemical
Keywords:
Generalized expectancies; Hope; Optimism; Pain; Physical functioning; Psychological dysfunction
Mesh： See more »
Year: 2021
PMID： 33580660 DOI： 10.1093/abm/kaab001
Source DB: PubMed Journal: Ann Behav Med ISSN： 0883-6612