Mou Gao1,2, Qin Dong3, Wenjia Wang4, Zhijun Yang5, Lili Guo1, Yingzhou Lu6, Boyun Ding5, Lihua Chen7, Jianning Zhang8, Ruxiang Xu9,10. 1. Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China. 2. Department of Neurosurgery, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China. 3. Department of Neurology, Fu Xing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China. 4. Department of ENT-HN, Hainan Hospital of PLA General Hospital, Sanya, 572013, China. 5. Department of Neurosurgery, The Seventh Medical Center, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China. 6. Department of Obstetrics, Fu Xing Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100038, China. 7. Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China. zljp824gk@163.com. 8. Department of Neurosurgery, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100853, China. jnzhang2018@163.com. 9. Department of Neurosurgery, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610072, China. jzprofxu@126.com. 10. Department of Neurosurgery, The Seventh Medical Center, The PLA General Hospital, Beijing, 100700, China. jzprofxu@126.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Recently, growing evidence has indicated an important role of the complement system, a crucial component of immunity, in mediating neuroinflammation and promoting neuronal apoptosis following closed head injury (CHI). We previously reported that transplanted induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) pre-treated with CHI mouse serum could enhance complement receptor type 1-related protein y (Crry) expression and ameliorate complement-mediated damage in mouse CHI models. However, the mechanism underlying the elevated levels of Crry expression remains elusive. METHODS: CHI models were established using a standardized weight-drop device. We collected CHI mouse serum at 12 h post-trauma. RT-QPCR assay, western blot analysis, complement deposition assay, Akt inhibition assay, flow cytometry, cell transplantation, and functional assay were utilized to clarify the mechanism of Crry expression in iNSCs receiving CHI mouse serum treatment. RESULTS: We observed dramatic increases in the levels of Crry expression and Akt activation in iNSCs receiving CHI mouse serum treatment. Remarkably, Akt inhibition led to the reduction of Crry expression in iNSCs. Intriguingly, the treatment of iNSC-derived neurons with recombinant complement receptor 2-conjugated Crry (CR2-Crry), which inhibits all complement pathways, substantially enhanced Crry expression and Akt activation in neurons after CHI mouse serum treatment. In subsequent in vitro experiments of pre-treatment of iNSCs with CR2-Crry, we observed significant increases in the levels of Crry expression and Akt activation in iNSCs and iNSC-derived astrocytes and neurons post-treatment with CHI mouse serum. Additionally, an in vivo study showed that intracerebral-transplanted iNSCs pre-treated with CR2-Crry markedly enhanced Crry expression in neurons and protected neurons from complement-dependent damage in the brains of CHI mice. CONCLUSION: INSCs receiving CR2-Crry pre-treatment increased the levels of Crry expression in iNSCs and iNSC-derived astrocytes and neurons and attenuated complement-mediated injury following CHI.
BACKGROUND: Recently, growing evidence has indicated an important role of the complement system, a crucial component of immunity, in mediating neuroinflammation and promoting neuronal apoptosis following closed head injury (CHI). We previously reported that transplanted induced neural stem cells (iNSCs) pre-treated with CHI mouse serum could enhance complement receptor type 1-related protein y (Crry) expression and ameliorate complement-mediated damage in mouse CHI models. However, the mechanism underlying the elevated levels of Crry expression remains elusive. METHODS: CHI models were established using a standardized weight-drop device. We collected CHI mouse serum at 12 h post-trauma. RT-QPCR assay, western blot analysis, complement deposition assay, Akt inhibition assay, flow cytometry, cell transplantation, and functional assay were utilized to clarify the mechanism of Crry expression in iNSCs receiving CHI mouse serum treatment. RESULTS: We observed dramatic increases in the levels of Crry expression and Akt activation in iNSCs receiving CHI mouse serum treatment. Remarkably, Akt inhibition led to the reduction of Crry expression in iNSCs. Intriguingly, the treatment of iNSC-derived neurons with recombinant complement receptor 2-conjugated Crry (CR2-Crry), which inhibits all complement pathways, substantially enhanced Crry expression and Akt activation in neurons after CHI mouse serum treatment. In subsequent in vitro experiments of pre-treatment of iNSCs with CR2-Crry, we observed significant increases in the levels of Crry expression and Akt activation in iNSCs and iNSC-derived astrocytes and neurons post-treatment with CHI mouse serum. Additionally, an in vivo study showed that intracerebral-transplanted iNSCs pre-treated with CR2-Crry markedly enhanced Crry expression in neurons and protected neurons from complement-dependent damage in the brains of CHI mice. CONCLUSION: INSCs receiving CR2-Crry pre-treatment increased the levels of Crry expression in iNSCs and iNSC-derived astrocytes and neurons and attenuated complement-mediated injury following CHI.
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