Mayeen Uddin Khandaker1, Nwokoma Oliver Chijioke1, Nurul' Adillah Binti Heffny2, David A Bradley1,3, Abdullah Alsubaie4, Abdelmoneim Sulieman5, Mohammad Rashed I Faruque6, M I Sayyed7,8, K S Al-Mugren9. 1. Centre for Applied Physics and Radiation Technologies, School of Engineering and Technology, Sunway University, Bandar Sunway 47500, Malaysia. 2. Department of Physics, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia. 3. Department of Physics, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK. 4. Department of Physics, College of Khurma, Taif University, P.O. Box 11099, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia. 5. Department of Radiology and Medical Imaging, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 422, Alkharj 11942, Saudi Arabia. 6. Space Science Centre (ANGKASA), Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Bangi 43600, Malaysia. 7. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Isra University, Amman 11622, Jordan. 8. Department of Nuclear Medicine Research, Institute for Research and Medical Consultations, Imam Abdulrahman bin Faisal University, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia. 9. Department of Physics, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11144, Saudi Arabia.
Abstract
While the consumption of seaweed and seaweed-based products is very common amongst East Asian nations, forming a notable component of the daily diet, relatively very few studies have concerned the concentrations of heavy metals in these together with potential effects on human health. The present study analyses the concentrations of 17 elements in locally resourced seaweed, also assessing potential noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks. The samples were ground, homogenized, and quantified using the ICP-OES technique. It has been found that the essential elements K, Ca, Mg, Zn, and Na typically show concentrations somewhat greater than a number of potentially toxic metals, in particular, Cd, Pb, Ag, and As, with exceptions being Ni, Cr-VI, and Si. Statistical analysis indicates all of the latter to have similar origin, with increased concentration of these metals within the marine ecosystem. While the daily estimated intake of most metals is seen to be within the daily dietary allowance level recommended by various international organizations, the noncarcinogenic risk shows a value greater than unity, estimated via the hazard quotient. This indicates a potential for adverse effects to health arising from consumption of the sampled seaweed. The carcinogenic risk resulting from nonessential elements shows values greater than the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) reference limit of 10-4. Considering the nonbiodegradability of heavy metals and metalloids and their potential accumulation in seaweed, there is need for critical examination of metal levels in the seaweeds obtained from the present study locations, together with the introduction of practices of removal of heavy metals via bio-adsorbent techniques.
While the consumption of pan class="Gene">seaweed and n>an class="Gene">seaweed-based products is very common amongst East Asian nations, forming a notable component of the daily diet, relatively very few studies have concerned the concentrations of heavy metals in these together with potential effects on human health. The present study analyses the concentrations of 17 elements in locally resourced seaweed, also assessing potential noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks. The samples were ground, homogenized, and quantified using the ICP-OES technique. It has been found that the essential elements K, Ca, Mg, Zn, and Na typically show concentrations somewhat greater than a number of potentially toxic metals, in particular, Cd, Pb, Ag, and As, with exceptions being Ni, Cr-VI, and Si. Statistical analysis indicates all of the latter to have similar origin, with increased concentration of thesemetals within the marine ecosystem. While the daily estimated intake of most metals is seen to be within the daily dietary allowance level recommended by various international organizations, the noncarcinogenic risk shows a value greater than unity, estimated via the hazard quotient. This indicates a potential for adverse effects to health arising from consumption of the sampled seaweed. The carcinogenic risk resulting from nonessential elements shows values greater than the United States Environmental Protection Agency (US-EPA) reference limit of 10-4. Considering the nonbiodegradability of heavy metals and metalloids and their potential accumulation in seaweed, there is need for critical examination of metal levels in the seaweeds obtained from the present study locations, together with the introduction of practices of removal of heavy metals via bio-adsorbent techniques.
Authors: D A Janneke Dijck-Brouwer; Frits A J Muskiet; Richard H Verheesen; Gertjan Schaafsma; Anne Schaafsma; Jan M W Geurts Journal: Nutrients Date: 2022-09-20 Impact factor: 6.706
Authors: Md Refat Jahan Rakib; Y N Jolly; Christian Ebere Enyoh; Mayeen Uddin Khandaker; M Belal Hossain; Shirin Akther; Abdullah Alsubaie; Abdulraheem S A Almalki; D A Bradley Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2021-07-19 Impact factor: 4.379
Authors: Md Refat Jahan Rakib; Y N Jolly; Diana Carolina Dioses-Salinas; Carlos Ivan Pizarro-Ortega; Gabriel Enrique De-la-Torre; Mayeen Uddin Khandaker; Abdullah Alsubaie; Abdulraheem S A Almalki; D A Bradley Journal: Sci Rep Date: 2021-10-25 Impact factor: 4.379