Abdelkrim Ziad1,2, Claudine Berr3, Fabrice Ruiz1, Bernard Bégaud4, Cédric Lemogne5,6, Marcel Goldberg2, Marie Zins2,6, Thibault Mura7,8. 1. ClinSearch-110, Avenue Pierre Brossolette, Malakoff, France. 2. Population-based Epidemiological Cohorts Unit, US 011 Inserm, Villejuif, France. 3. INSERM, University of Montpellier, U1061, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, 34093, Montpellier, France. 4. INSERM, U1219-Pharmacoepidemiology, Bordeaux University, 33000, Bordeaux, France. 5. Université de Paris, Faculté de Santé, UFR de Médecine, Paris, France. 6. Université de Paris, AP-HP, Hôpital Hôtel-Dieu, DMU Psychiatrie et Addictologie, Service de Psychiatrie de l'adulte, INSERM, Institut de Psychiatrie et Neurosciences de Paris (IPNP), UMR_S1266, Paris, France. 7. INSERM, University of Montpellier, U1061, Neuropsychiatry: Epidemiological and Clinical Research, 34093, Montpellier, France. thibault.mura@chu-nimes.fr. 8. Laboratoire de Biostatistique, Epidémiologie clinique, Santé Publique Innovation et Méthodologie (BESPIM), Groupe hospitalier Caremeau, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes University Hospital, Place du Pr Debré, 30029, Nîmes Cedex 9, France. thibault.mura@chu-nimes.fr.
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: Psychotropic drugs such as anxiolytics, antidepressants and antipsychotics may have anticholinergic properties that could directly affect patients' cognition. OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to assess the relationship between exposure to anticholinergic-positive (AC+) psychotropic drugs and cognitive impairment compared with psychotropic drugs without anticholinergic activity (AC-). METHODS: This analysis included participants (aged 45-70 years) enrolled between January 2012 and October 2017 in the CONSTANCES cohort treated with psychotropic drugs (antidepressants n = 2602, anxiolytics n = 1195, antipsychotics n = 197) in the 3 years preceding cognitive assessment. Within each drug class, the Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden scale was used to classify drugs as either AC+ or AC-. Cognitive impairment was defined as a score below - 1 standard deviation from the standardized mean of the neuropsychological score. We used multiple logistic regression models and matching on propensity score to estimate the relationship between anticholinergic activity and cognitive impairment. RESULTS: Our analyses did not show any increased risk of cognitive impairment for AC+ antidepressants and anxiolytics, with the exception of a slight increase for AC+ antidepressants in episodic memory (odds ratio [OR] 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.36). Conversely, we found a more marked increase in risk with AC+ antipsychotics on executive function (Trail Making Test-A [TMT-A], OR 4.49 [95% CI 2.59-7.97] and TMT-B, OR 3.62 [95% CI 2.25-5.89]). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest there is no clinically relevant association between the anticholinergic activity of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs and cognitive impairment in middle-aged adults. An association could exist between AC+ antipsychotics and executive function.
INTRODUCTION: Psychotropic drugs such as anxiolytics, antidepressants and antipsychotics may have anticholinergic properties that could directly affect patients' cognition. OBJECTIVES: Our objective was to assess the relationship between exposure to anticholinergic-positive (AC+) psychotropic drugs and cognitive impairment compared with psychotropic drugs without anticholinergic activity (AC-). METHODS: This analysis included participants (aged 45-70 years) enrolled between January 2012 and October 2017 in the CONSTANCES cohort treated with psychotropic drugs (antidepressants n = 2602, anxiolytics n = 1195, antipsychotics n = 197) in the 3 years preceding cognitive assessment. Within each drug class, the Anticholinergic Cognitive Burden scale was used to classify drugs as either AC+ or AC-. Cognitive impairment was defined as a score below - 1 standard deviation from the standardized mean of the neuropsychological score. We used multiple logistic regression models and matching on propensity score to estimate the relationship between anticholinergic activity and cognitive impairment. RESULTS: Our analyses did not show any increased risk of cognitive impairment for AC+ antidepressants and anxiolytics, with the exception of a slight increase for AC+ antidepressants in episodic memory (odds ratio [OR] 1.19; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.36). Conversely, we found a more marked increase in risk with AC+ antipsychotics on executive function (Trail Making Test-A [TMT-A], OR 4.49 [95% CI 2.59-7.97] and TMT-B, OR 3.62 [95% CI 2.25-5.89]). CONCLUSION: Our results suggest there is no clinically relevant association between the anticholinergic activity of antidepressant and anxiolytic drugs and cognitive impairment in middle-aged adults. An association could exist between AC+ antipsychotics and executive function.
Authors: Noll Campbell; Malaz Boustani; Tony Limbil; Carol Ott; Chris Fox; Ian Maidment; Cathy C Schubert; Stephanie Munger; Donna Fick; David Miller; Rajesh Gulati Journal: Clin Interv Aging Date: 2009-06-09 Impact factor: 4.458
Authors: Martin Taylor-Rowan; Sophie Edwards; Anna H Noel-Storr; Jenny McCleery; Phyo K Myint; Roy Soiza; Carrie Stewart; Yoon Kong Loke; Terry J Quinn Journal: Cochrane Database Syst Rev Date: 2021-05-05