Esmari Rossouw1, Marieke Brauer2, Pieter Meyer3,4, Nicolette M du Plessis5, Theunis Avenant5, Janet Mans1. 1. Department of Medical Virology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa. 2. Immunology Laboratory, Ampath, Pretoria 0001, South Africa. 3. Department of Immunology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa. 4. National Health Laboratory Service, Tshwane Academic Division, Pretoria 0001, South Africa. 5. Department of Paediatrics, Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0001, South Africa.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Viral gastroenteritis remains a major cause of hospitalisation in young children. This study aimed to determine the distribution and diversity of enteric viruses in children ≤5 years, hospitalised with gastroenteritis at Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa, between July 2016 and December 2017. METHODS: Stool specimens (n = 205) were screened for norovirus GI and GII, rotavirus, sapovirus, astrovirus and adenovirus by multiplex RT-PCR. HIV exposure and FUT2 secretor status were evaluated. Secretor status was determined by FUT2 genotyping. RESULTS: At least one gastroenteritis virus was detected in 47% (96/205) of children. Rotavirus predominated (46/205), followed by norovirus (32/205), adenovirus (15/205), sapovirus (9/205) and astrovirus (3/205). Norovirus genotypes GI.3, GII.2, GII.3, GII.4, GII.7, GII.12, GII.21, and rotavirus strains G1P[8], G2P[4], G2P[6], G3P[4], G3P[8], G8P[4], G8P[6], G9P[6], G9P[8] and sapovirus genotypes GI.1, GI.2, GII.1, GII.4, GII.8 were detected; norovirus GII.4[P31] and rotavirus G3P[4] predominated. Asymptomatic norovirus infection (GI.3, GI.7, GII.4, GII.6, GII.13) was detected in 22% of 46 six-week follow up stools. HIV exposure (30%) was not associated with more frequent or severe viral gastroenteritis hospitalisations compared to unexposed children. Rotavirus preferentially infected secretor children (p = 0.143) and norovirus infected 78% secretors and 22% non-secretors. CONCLUSION: Rotavirus was still the leading cause of gastroenteritis hospitalisations, but norovirus caused more severe symptoms.
BACKGROUND: Viral gastroenteritis remains a major cause of hospitalisation in young children. This study aimed to determine the distribution and diversity of enteric viruses in children ≤5 years, hospitalised with gastroenteritis at Kalafong Provincial Tertiary Hospital, Pretoria, South Africa, between July 2016 and December 2017. METHODS: Stool specimens (n = 205) were screened for norovirus GI and GII, rotavirus, sapovirus, astrovirus and adenovirus by multiplex RT-PCR. HIV exposure and FUT2 secretor status were evaluated. Secretor status was determined by FUT2 genotyping. RESULTS: At least one gastroenteritis virus was detected in 47% (96/205) of children. Rotavirus predominated (46/205), followed by norovirus (32/205), adenovirus (15/205), sapovirus (9/205) and astrovirus (3/205). Norovirus genotypes GI.3, GII.2, GII.3, GII.4, GII.7, GII.12, GII.21, and rotavirus strains G1P[8], G2P[4], G2P[6], G3P[4], G3P[8], G8P[4], G8P[6], G9P[6], G9P[8] and sapovirus genotypes GI.1, GI.2, GII.1, GII.4, GII.8 were detected; norovirus GII.4[P31] and rotavirus G3P[4] predominated. Asymptomatic norovirus infection (GI.3, GI.7, GII.4, GII.6, GII.13) was detected in 22% of 46 six-week follow up stools. HIV exposure (30%) was not associated with more frequent or severe viral gastroenteritis hospitalisations compared to unexposed children. Rotavirus preferentially infected secretor children (p = 0.143) and norovirusinfected 78% secretors and 22% non-secretors. CONCLUSION:Rotavirus was still the leading cause of gastroenteritis hospitalisations, but norovirus caused more severe symptoms.
Entities:
Keywords:
FUT2 secretor status; HIV exposure; norovirus; paediatric gastroenteritis; rotavirus
Authors: Anita Vinjamuri; Jasmine C C Davis; Sarah M Totten; Lauren D Wu; Laura D Klein; Melanie Martin; E A Quinn; Brooke Scelza; Alicia Breakey; Michael Gurven; Grazyna Jasienska; Hillard Kaplan; Claudia Valeggia; Katie Hinde; Jennifer T Smilowitz; Robin M Bernstein; Angela M Zivkovic; Michael J Barratt; Jeffrey I Gordon; Mark A Underwood; David A Mills; J Bruce German; Carlito B Lebrilla Journal: J Nutr Date: 2022-05-05 Impact factor: 4.798
Authors: Lisa C Lindesmith; Paul D Brewer-Jensen; Michael L Mallory; Mark R Zweigart; Samantha R May; Daniel Kelly; Rachel Williams; Sylvia Becker-Dreps; Filemón Bucardo; David J Allen; Judith Breuer; Ralph S Baric Journal: Viruses Date: 2022-06-14 Impact factor: 5.818
Authors: Hui-Chen Tseng; Fung-Chang Sung; Chih-Hsin Mou; Chao W Chen; Shan P Tsai; Dennis P H Hsieh; Chung-Yen Lu; Pei-Chun Chen; Ya-Ling Tzeng Journal: Int J Environ Res Public Health Date: 2021-11-29 Impact factor: 3.390
Authors: Anna K Shuryaeva; Tatyana V Malova; Anna A Tolokonceva; Sofia A Karceka; Maria A Gordukova; Ekaterina E Davydova; German A Shipulin Journal: Microbiol Spectr Date: 2022-07-11
Authors: Mark R Zweigart; Sylvia Becker-Dreps; Filemón Bucardo; Fredman González; Ralph S Baric; Lisa C Lindesmith Journal: Viruses Date: 2021-10-09 Impact factor: 5.048