Mosayeb Rostamian1, Shahab Rezaeian1, Mohamed Hamidouche2, Fariborz Bahrami3, Keyghobad Ghadiri1, Roya Chegeneh Lorestani1, Fatemeh Nemati Zargaran1, Alisha Akya4. 1. Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. 2. Vaccines Production and Development Department, Pasteur Institute of Algeria, Algeria; Pasteur-CNAM School of Public Health, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France. 3. Immunology Department, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran. 4. Infectious Diseases Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran. Electronic address: akya359@yahoo.com.
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Natural disasters (NDs) may increase the outbreaks and transmissions of vector-borne diseases such as cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). However, the relationship between leishmaniases and NDs has not yet been clearly established. Here, we systematically reviewed all reported articles in this field to answer whether NDs increase the frequency of leishmaniases. METHODS: All the related articles published during January 2000 till January 2020 were reviewed. Moreover, all NDs and the associated leishmaniases frequencies reports in 17 leishmaniases endemic countries were searched to find any ND-leishmaniases relationship. RESULTS: After the initial screening, 39 articles on ND-leishmaniases were selected and systematically reviewed. These articles showed different frequencies of CL in the endemic areas before and after NDs in some regions of Pakistan and Iran and in case of VL in Brazil, Ethiopia, and Sudan. After thorough deliberation, four studies for CL-ND and five studies for VL-ND relationships were selected for meta-analysis. The results showed increases in the leishmaniases incidences after NDs, although not robustly. CONCLUSION: The lack of a strong leishmaniases-ND relationship could be attributed to the local compilations of such data in scattered regions of the endemic countries. Therefore, currently a substantial knowledge gap on leishmaniases-ND relationship is apparent.
OBJECTIVES: Natural disasters (NDs) may increase the outbreaks and transmissions of vector-borne diseases such as cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) and visceral leishmaniasis (VL). However, the relationship between leishmaniases and NDs has not yet been clearly established. Here, we systematically reviewed all reported articles in this field to answer whether NDs increase the frequency of leishmaniases. METHODS: All the related articles published during January 2000 till January 2020 were reviewed. Moreover, all NDs and the associated leishmaniases frequencies reports in 17 leishmaniases endemic countries were searched to find any ND-leishmaniases relationship. RESULTS: After the initial screening, 39 articles on ND-leishmaniases were selected and systematically reviewed. These articles showed different frequencies of CL in the endemic areas before and after NDs in some regions of Pakistan and Iran and in case of VL in Brazil, Ethiopia, and Sudan. After thorough deliberation, four studies for CL-ND and five studies for VL-ND relationships were selected for meta-analysis. The results showed increases in the leishmaniases incidences after NDs, although not robustly. CONCLUSION: The lack of a strong leishmaniases-ND relationship could be attributed to the local compilations of such data in scattered regions of the endemic countries. Therefore, currently a substantial knowledge gap on leishmaniases-ND relationship is apparent.
Authors: Sayyed Ibrahim Shah; Fazli Nasir; Nadia Shamshad Malik; Muhammad Alamzeb; Muhammad Abbas; Inayat Ur Rehman; Fazli Khuda; Yasir Shah; Khang Weh Goh; Alam Zeb; Long Chiau Ming Journal: Pharmaceuticals (Basel) Date: 2022-08-15