Tomas Venckunas1, Thomas Chaillou2, Catarina Ramos3, Arthur J Cheng4,5, Sigitas Kamandulis1, Andrejus Subocius1,6,7, Marius Brazaitis1. 1. Sports Science and Innovation Institute, Lithuanian Sports University, 44221, Kaunas, Lithuania. 2. School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, 701 82, Örebro, Sweden. thomas.chaillou@oru.se. 3. School of Health Sciences, Örebro University, 701 82, Örebro, Sweden. 4. Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden. 5. Muscle Health Research Centre, School of Kinesiology and Health Sciences, Faculty of Health, York University, Toronto, M3J 1P3, Canada. 6. Department of Surgery, Kaunas Clinical Hospital, 47144, Kaunas, Lithuania. 7. Clinic of Surgery, Republican Hospital of Kaunas, 45130, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Abstract
PURPOSE:Carbohydrate (CHO) restriction could be a potent metabolic regulator of endurance exercise-induced muscle adaptations. Here, we determined whether post-exercise CHO restriction following strenuous exercise combining continuous cycling exercise (CCE) and sprint interval exercise could affect the gene expression related to mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism in human skeletal muscle. METHODS: In a randomized cross-over design, 8 recreationally active males performed two cycling exercise sessions separated by 4 weeks. Each session consisted of 60-min CCE and six 30-s all-out sprints, which was followed by ingestion of either a CHO or placebo beverage in the post-exercise recovery period. Muscle glycogen concentration and the mRNA levels of several genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism were determined before, immediately after, and at 3 h after exercise. RESULTS: Compared to pre-exercise, strenuous cycling led to a severe muscle glycogen depletion (> 90%) and induced a large increase in PGC1A and PDK4 mRNA levels (~ 20-fold and ~ 10-fold, respectively) during the acute recovery period in both trials. The abundance of the other transcripts was not changed or was only moderately increased during this period. CHO restriction during the 3-h post-exercise period blunted muscle glycogen resynthesis but did not increase the mRNA levels of genes associated with muscle adaptation to endurance exercise, as compared with abundant post-exercise CHO consumption. CONCLUSION:CHO restriction after a glycogen-depleting and metabolically-demanding cycling session is not effective for increasing the acute mRNA levels of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism in human skeletal muscle.
RCT Entities:
PURPOSE:Carbohydrate (CHO) restriction could be a potent metabolic regulator of endurance exercise-induced muscle adaptations. Here, we determined whether post-exercise CHO restriction following strenuous exercise combining continuous cycling exercise (CCE) and sprint interval exercise could affect the gene expression related to mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism in human skeletal muscle. METHODS: In a randomized cross-over design, 8 recreationally active males performed two cycling exercise sessions separated by 4 weeks. Each session consisted of 60-min CCE and six 30-s all-out sprints, which was followed by ingestion of either a CHO or placebo beverage in the post-exercise recovery period. Muscle glycogen concentration and the mRNA levels of several genes related to mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism were determined before, immediately after, and at 3 h after exercise. RESULTS: Compared to pre-exercise, strenuous cycling led to a severe muscle glycogen depletion (> 90%) and induced a large increase in PGC1A and PDK4 mRNA levels (~ 20-fold and ~ 10-fold, respectively) during the acute recovery period in both trials. The abundance of the other transcripts was not changed or was only moderately increased during this period. CHO restriction during the 3-h post-exercise period blunted muscle glycogen resynthesis but did not increase the mRNA levels of genes associated with muscle adaptation to endurance exercise, as compared with abundant post-exercise CHO consumption. CONCLUSION: CHO restriction after a glycogen-depleting and metabolically-demanding cycling session is not effective for increasing the acute mRNA levels of genes involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative metabolism in human skeletal muscle.
Authors: Christopher G R Perry; James Lally; Graham P Holloway; George J F Heigenhauser; Arend Bonen; Lawrence L Spriet Journal: J Physiol Date: 2010-10-04 Impact factor: 5.182
Authors: T R Lundberg; R Fernandez-Gonzalo; J Norrbom; H Fischer; P A Tesch; T Gustafsson Journal: Acta Physiol (Oxf) Date: 2014-05-21 Impact factor: 6.311