Effect of vasodilators on hepatic microcirculation: a study of the inhibition of norepinephrine-induced vasoconstriction in the isolated perfused rat liver.

We studied the effects of a series of 16 vasodilators on the intrahepatic vasoconstriction induced by norepinephrine in the isolated perfused rat liver. The vasodilators were nonselective alpha-adrenergic antagonists (phentolamine, ifenprofil, isoxsuprine and buflomedil), a nonselective beta-adrenergic antagonist (propranolol) and an agonist (isoproterenol), an alpha 2-adrenergic agonist (clonidine), calcium channel blockers (verapamil and diltiazem), nitrovasodilators (nitroglycerin, sodium nitroprusside), papaverine and other unclassified vasodilators, some of them with rheological properties (diazoxide, vincamine, cinepazide, naftidofuryl and pentoxifylline). The most potent drugs were ifenprofil, phentolamine, isoxsuprine, clonidine, sodium nitroprusside and buflomedil. Diazoxide, papaverine, pentoxifylline and trinitrine were less powerful. Verapamil, diltiazem, propranolol, isoproterenol, vincamine, cinepazide and naftidofuryl were ineffective. We conclude that different classes of pharmacological agents have significant vasodilatory properties on the hepatic microvasculature. This offers interesting perspectives in the treatment of cirrhosis and stressful states where high levels of circulating norepinephrine may contribute to the altered liver perfusion.