Leyla Norouzi-Barough1, Sadegh Shirian2,3,4, Ali Gorji4,5, Mohammadreza Sadeghi6,7,8,9. 1. Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. 2. Department of Pathology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran. 3. Shiraz Molecular Pathology Research Center, Dr Daneshbod Pathol Lab, Shiraz, Iran. 4. Shefa Neuroscience Research Center, Khatam Alanbia Hospital, Tehran, Iran. 5. Epilepsy Research Center, Department of Neurosurgery, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universitat Münster, Munster, Germany. 6. Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. 7. Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. 8. Molecular Medicine Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. 9. Department of Molecular Medicine Faculty Advance Medicine of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to collect the articles concerning mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes for regeneration of bone, cartilage and skin defects. METHOD: Scopus, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched for keywords "Exosome, MSC, Skin, Bone and Cartilage defects, Regenerative medicine, and extracellular vesicles. RESULTS: MSC-derived exosomes can emulate the biological activity of MSCs by horizontal transfer of multiple functional molecules including mRNAs, miRNAs, proteins, and lipids to the local microenvironment and recipient cells, and subsequently mediate restoring homeostasis and tissue regeneration through various mechanisms. Compared to MSCs, MSC-derived exosomes reveal many advantages such as non-immunogenicity, easy access, easy preservation, and extreme stability under various conditions. CONCLUSION: Hence, exosomes could be considered as an alternative strategy for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. In this paper, after describing the characteristics of exosomes, we will review the recent literature on the therapeutic potentials of MSC-derived exosomes in skin, bone, and cartilage repair.
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to collect the articles concerning mesenchymal stem cell (MSC)-derived exosomes for regeneration of bone, cartilage and skin defects. METHOD: Scopus, PubMed, EMBASE, and Web of Science were searched for keywords "Exosome, MSC, Skin, Bone and Cartilage defects, Regenerative medicine, and extracellular vesicles. RESULTS: MSC-derived exosomes can emulate the biological activity of MSCs by horizontal transfer of multiple functional molecules including mRNAs, miRNAs, proteins, and lipids to the local microenvironment and recipient cells, and subsequently mediate restoring homeostasis and tissue regeneration through various mechanisms. Compared to MSCs, MSC-derived exosomes reveal many advantages such as non-immunogenicity, easy access, easy preservation, and extreme stability under various conditions. CONCLUSION: Hence, exosomes could be considered as an alternative strategy for cell-based therapies in regenerative medicine. In this paper, after describing the characteristics of exosomes, we will review the recent literature on the therapeutic potentials of MSC-derived exosomes in skin, bone, and cartilage repair.