Development of techniques to monitor for exposure to vinyl chloride: monoclonal antibodies to ethenoadenosine and ethenocytidine.

Monoclonal antibodies which specifically recognize ethenoadenosine and ethenocytidine, two of the adducts resulting from exposure to vinyl chloride, have been developed. The sensitivity and specificity of these antibodies have been determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The antibody to ethenoadenosine (1G4) reacts with both the ribose (50% inhibition at 600 fmol) and deoxyribose (50% inhibition at 980 fmol) form of the adduct. The antibody to ethenocytidine (6F5) also reacts with both the ribose (50% inhibition at 800 fmol) and deoxyribose (50% inhibition at 1000 fmol) form of the adduct. Neither antibody cross-reacts with non-modified DNA or the normal nucleotides. A more sensitive fluorescence ELISA was developed for antibody 1G4 with 50% inhibition at 212 fmol of ethenoadenosine and for antibody 6F5 with 50% inhibition at 192 fmol ethenocytidine. These antibodies have been used to determine the level of etheno derivatives in DNA modified in vitro with chloroacetaldehyde and in the DNA and RNA of cells treated in culture.