Güler Burcu Senirkentli1, Fatih Ekinci2, Erkan Bostanci3, Mehmet Serdar Güzel3, Özlem Dağli4, Ahmed M Karim5, Alok Mishra6,7. 1. Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Baskent University, Ankara 06810, Turkey. 2. Department of Physics, Gazi University, Ankara 06500, Turkey. 3. Computer Engineering Department, Ankara University, Ankara 06830, Turkey. 4. Department of Neurosurgery Gamma Knife Unit, Gazi University, Ankara 06850, Turkey. 5. Computer Engineering Department, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara 06830, Turkey. 6. Faculty of Logistics, Molde University College-Specialized University in Logistics, 6402 Molde, Norway. 7. Software Engineering Department, Atilim University, Ankara 06830, Turkey.
Abstract
PURPOSE: In this study, the required dose rates for optimal treatment of tumoral tissues when using proton therapy in the treatment of defective tumours seen in mandibles has been calculated. We aimed to protect the surrounding soft and hard tissues from unnecessary radiation as well as to prevent complications of radiation. Bragg curves of therapeutic energized protons for two different mandible (molar and premolar) plate phantoms were computed and compared with similar calculations in the literature. The results were found to be within acceptable deviation values. METHODS: In this study, mandibular tooth plate phantoms were modelled for the molar and premolar areas and then a Monte Carlo simulation was used to calculate the Bragg curve, lateral straggle/range and recoil values of protons remaining in the therapeutic energy ranges. The mass and atomic densities of all the jawbone layers were selected and the effect of layer type and thickness on the Bragg curve, lateral straggle/range and the recoil were investigated. As protons move through different layers of density, lateral straggle and increases in the range were observed. A range of energies was used for the treatment of tumours at different depths in the mandible phantom. RESULTS: Simulations revealed that as the cortical bone thickness increased, Bragg peak position decreased between 0.47-3.3%. An increase in the number of layers results in a decrease in the Bragg peak position. Finally, as the proton energy increased, the amplitude of the second peak and its effect on Bragg peak position decreased. CONCLUSION: These findings should guide the selection of appropriate energy levels in the treatment of tumour structures without damaging surrounding tissues.
class="abstract_title">PURPOSE: Iclass="Chemical">n this study, the required dose rates for optimal treatmeclass="Chemical">nt of class="Chemical">n class="Disease">tumoral tissues when using proton therapy in the treatment of defective tumours seen in mandibles has been calculated. We aimed to protect the surrounding soft and hard tissues from unnecessary radiation as well as to prevent complications of radiation. Bragg curves of therapeutic energized protons for two different mandible (molar and premolar) plate phantoms were computed and compared with similar calculations in the literature. The results were found to be within acceptable deviation values. METHODS: In this study, mandibular tooth plate phantoms were modelled for the molar and premolar areas and then a Monte Carlo simulation was used to calculate the Bragg curve, lateral straggle/range and recoil values of protons remaining in the therapeutic energy ranges. The mass and atomic densities of all the jawbone layers were selected and the effect of layer type and thickness on the Bragg curve, lateral straggle/range and the recoil were investigated. As protons move through different layers of density, lateral straggle and increases in the range were observed. A range of energies was used for the treatment of tumours at different depths in the mandible phantom. RESULTS: Simulations revealed that as the cortical bone thickness increased, Bragg peak position decreased between 0.47-3.3%. An increase in the number of layers results in a decrease in the Bragg peak position. Finally, as the proton energy increased, the amplitude of the second peak and its effect on Bragg peak position decreased. CONCLUSION: These findings should guide the selection of appropriate energy levels in the treatment of tumour structures without damaging surrounding tissues.
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