Darryl Walter Eyles1,2. 1. Queensland Centre for Mental Health Research The Park Centre for Mental Health Wacol Australia. 2. Queensland Brain Institute University of Queensland St. Lucia Queensland Australia.
Abstract
It has been 20 years since we first proposed vitamin D as a "possible" neurosteroid.( 1 ) Our work over the last two decades, particularly results from our cellular and animal models, has confirmed the numerous ways in which vitamin D differentiates the developing brain. As a result, vitamin D can now confidently take its place among all other steroids known to regulate brain development.( 2 ) Others have concentrated on the possible neuroprotective functions of vitamin D in adult brains. Here these data are integrated, and possible mechanisms outlined for the various roles vitamin D appears to play in both developing and mature brains and how such actions shape behavior. There is now also good evidence linking gestational and/or neonatal vitamin D deficiency with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as schizophrenia and autism, and adult vitamin D deficiency with certain degenerative conditions. In this mini-review, the focus is on what we have learned over these past 20 years regarding the genomic and nongenomic actions of vitamin D in shaping brain development, neurophysiology, and behavior in animal models.
It has been 20 years since we first proposed vitamin D as a "possible" neurosteroid.( 1 ) Our work over the last two decades, particularly results from our cellular and animal models, has confirmed the numerous ways in which vitamin D differentiates the developing brain. As a result, vitamin D can now confidently take its place among all other steroids known to regulate brain development.( 2 ) Others have concentrated on the possible neuroprotective functions of vitamin D in adult brains. Here these data are integrated, and possible mechanisms outlined for the various roles vitamin D appears to play in both developing and mature brains and how such actions shape behavior. There is now also good evidence linking gestational and/or neonatal vitamin Ddeficiency with an increased risk of neurodevelopmental disorders, such as schizophrenia and autism, and adult vitamin Ddeficiency with certain degenerative conditions. In this mini-review, the focus is on what we have learned over these past 20 years regarding the genomic and nongenomic actions of vitamin D in shaping brain development, neurophysiology, and behavior in animal models.
Authors: Wei Xiang; Juan Kong; Songcang Chen; Li-Ping Cao; Guilin Qiao; Wei Zheng; Wenhua Liu; Xinmin Li; David G Gardner; Yan Chun Li Journal: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Date: 2004-09-14 Impact factor: 4.310
Authors: Brian K Lee; Darryl W Eyles; Cecilia Magnusson; Craig J Newschaffer; John J McGrath; David Kvaskoff; Pauline Ko; Christina Dalman; Håkan Karlsson; Renee M Gardner Journal: Mol Psychiatry Date: 2019-11-06 Impact factor: 15.992