Beatriz Hatsue Kushida-Contreras1, Oscar J Manrique2, Miguel Angel Gaxiola-García3. 1. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Mexico's General Hospital (Hospital General de México), Mexico City, Mexico. 2. Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Strong Memorial Hospital, University of Rochester Medical Center, New York, NY, USA. 3. Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Department, Mexico's Children Hospital (Hospital Infantil de México "Federico Gómez"), Mexico City, Mexico. drgaxiola@gmail.com.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Damage of the vascular system secondary to radical neck dissection and/or radiotherapy or other treatments has a negative impact on microsurgical reconstruction. The search for adequate recipient vessels is hindered by the complexity of previous procedures. METHODS: A systematic review of microsurgical head and neck reconstruction in the vessel-depleted neck was performed. The issues analyzed were indications for surgery, more frequently performed flaps, vascular systems used as recipient vessels, outcomes, and complications. RESULTS: The eligibility criteria were fulfilled by 57 studies published between September 1993 and January 2020. In 8235 patients, 8694 flaps were performed, 925 of which were for a vessel-depleted neck. The most commonly used flap was the anterolateral thigh flap, used in 195 cases (30%), followed by the radial forearm free flap, used in 157 cases (24%). The potential recipient vessels were numerous for arteries (26 options) and veins (31 options). For the 712 flaps with an identifiable recipient artery, the superficial temporal artery was the most commonly used vessel (n = 142, 20%). The superficial temporal vein was the most commonly used vessel for 639 flaps with an identifiable recipient vein (n = 118, 18.5%). Complications amounted to 11%; 80 out of 716 flaps in papers that reported them. Flap losses were reported in 2% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Major microsurgical head and neck reconstruction for postoncologic defects depends on appropriate recipient vessels. Vein availability is paramount. Understanding the complexity of this problem is useful for preoperative planning, precise decision-making, and an accurate surgical approach.
BACKGROUND: Damage of the vascular system secondary to radical neck dissection and/or radiotherapy or other treatments has a negative impact on microsurgical reconstruction. The search for adequate recipient vessels is hindered by the complexity of previous procedures. METHODS: A systematic review of microsurgical head and neck reconstruction in the vessel-depleted neck was performed. The issues analyzed were indications for surgery, more frequently performed flaps, vascular systems used as recipient vessels, outcomes, and complications. RESULTS: The eligibility criteria were fulfilled by 57 studies published between September 1993 and January 2020. In 8235 patients, 8694 flaps were performed, 925 of which were for a vessel-depleted neck. The most commonly used flap was the anterolateral thigh flap, used in 195 cases (30%), followed by the radial forearm free flap, used in 157 cases (24%). The potential recipient vessels were numerous for arteries (26 options) and veins (31 options). For the 712 flaps with an identifiable recipient artery, the superficial temporal artery was the most commonly used vessel (n = 142, 20%). The superficial temporal vein was the most commonly used vessel for 639 flaps with an identifiable recipient vein (n = 118, 18.5%). Complications amounted to 11%; 80 out of 716 flaps in papers that reported them. Flap losses were reported in 2% of cases. CONCLUSIONS: Major microsurgical head and neck reconstruction for postoncologic defects depends on appropriate recipient vessels. Vein availability is paramount. Understanding the complexity of this problem is useful for preoperative planning, precise decision-making, and an accurate surgical approach.
Authors: Christian Head; Joel A Sercarz; Elliot Abemayor; Thomas C Calcaterra; Jeffrey D Rawnsley; Keith E Blackwell Journal: Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg Date: 2002-03
Authors: Marianne Abouyared; Andrew P Katz; Liliana Ein; Jill Ketner; Zoukaa Sargi; Elizabeth Nicolli; Jason M Leibowitz Journal: Head Neck Date: 2019-07-09 Impact factor: 3.147
Authors: Joseph M Escandón; Eric Santamaría; Peter A Prieto; Daniela Duarte-Bateman; Pedro Ciudad; Megan Pencek; Howard N Langstein; Hung-Chi Chen; Oscar J Manrique Journal: Arch Plast Surg Date: 2022-05-27