Xuejing Shen1,2, Tao Sun1,2, Lei Yang1,3, Alexey Krasnoslobodtsev3,4, Renat Sabirianov3,4, Michael Sealy2,4, Wai-Ning Mei3,4, Zhanjun Wu5, Li Tan6,7. 1. School of Aerospace, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China. 2. Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA. 3. Department of Physics, University of Nebraska, Omaha, NE, 68182, USA. 4. Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA. 5. School of Aerospace, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China. wuzhj@dlut.edu.cn. 6. Department of Mechanical & Materials Engineering, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA. ltan4@unl.edu. 7. Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA. ltan4@unl.edu.
Abstract
With the rapid iteration of portable electronics and electric vehicles, developing high-capacity batteries with ultra-fast charging capability has become a holy grail. Here we report rechargeable aluminum-ion batteries capable of reaching a high specific capacity of 200 mAh g-1. When liquid metal is further used to lower the energy barrier from the anode, fastest charging rate of 104 C (duration of 0.35 s to reach a full capacity) and 500% more specific capacity under high-rate conditions are achieved. Phase boundaries from the active anode are believed to encourage a high-flux charge transfer through the electric double layers. As a result, cationic layers inside the electric double layers responded with a swift change in molecular conformation, but anionic layers adopted a polymer-like configuration to facilitate the change in composition.
With the rapid iteration of portable electronics and electric vehicles, developing high-capacity batteries with ultra-fast charging capability has become a holy grail. Here we report rechargeable aluminum-ion batteries capable of reaching a high specific capacity of 200 mAh g-1. When liquid n class="Chemical">metal is further used to lower the energy barrier from the anode, fastest charging rate of 104 C (duration of 0.35 s to reach a full capacity) and 500% more specific capacity under high-rate conditions are achieved. Phase boundaries from the active anode are believed to encourage a high-flux charge transfer through the electric double layers. As a result, cationic layers inside the electric double layers responded with a swift change in molecular conformation, but anionic layers adopted a polymer-like configuration to facilitate the change in composition.
Authors: Matthew A Gebbie; Markus Valtiner; Xavier Banquy; Eric T Fox; Wesley A Henderson; Jacob N Israelachvili Journal: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Date: 2013-05-28 Impact factor: 11.205