OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with insulin resistance and has been described as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Whether OSA adversely impacts pancreatic islet β-cell function remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association of OSA and short sleep duration with β-cell function in overweight/obese adults with prediabetes or recently diagnosed, treatment-naive type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Two hundred twenty-one adults (57.5% men, age 54.5 ± 8.7 years, BMI 35.1 ± 5.5 kg/m2) completed 1 week of wrist actigraphy and 1 night of polysomnography before undergoing a 3-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a two-step hyperglycemic clamp. Associations of measures of OSA and actigraphy-derived sleep duration with HbA1c, OGTT-derived outcomes, and clamp-derived outcomes were evaluated with adjusted regression models. RESULTS: Mean ± SD objective sleep duration by actigraphy was 6.6 ± 1.0 h/night. OSA, defined as an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of five or more events per hour, was present in 89% of the participants (20% mild, 28% moderate, 41% severe). Higher AHI was associated with higher HbA1c (P = 0.007). However, OSA severity, measured either by AHI as a continuous variable or by categories of OSA severity, and sleep duration (continuous or <6 vs. ≥6 h) were not associated with fasting glucose, 2-h glucose, insulin sensitivity, or β-cell responses. CONCLUSIONS: In this baseline cross-sectional analysis of the RISE clinical trial of adults with prediabetes or recently diagnosed, untreated type 2 diabetes, the prevalence of OSA was high. Although some measures of OSA severity were associated with HbA1c, OSA severity and sleep duration were not associated with measures of insulin sensitivity or β-cell responses.
OBJECTIVE: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with insulin resistance and has been described as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Whether OSA adversely impacts pancreatic islet β-cell function remains unclear. We aimed to investigate the association of OSA and short sleep duration with β-cell function in overweight/obese adults with prediabetes or recently diagnosed, treatment-naive type 2 diabetes. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Two hundred twenty-one adults (57.5% men, age 54.5 ± 8.7 years, BMI 35.1 ± 5.5 kg/m2) completed 1 week of wrist actigraphy and 1 night of polysomnography before undergoing a 3-h oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and a two-step hyperglycemic clamp. Associations of measures of OSA and actigraphy-derived sleep duration with HbA1c, OGTT-derived outcomes, and clamp-derived outcomes were evaluated with adjusted regression models. RESULTS: Mean ± SD objective sleep duration by actigraphy was 6.6 ± 1.0 h/night. OSA, defined as an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of five or more events per hour, was present in 89% of the participants (20% mild, 28% moderate, 41% severe). Higher AHI was associated with higher HbA1c (P = 0.007). However, OSA severity, measured either by AHI as a continuous variable or by categories of OSA severity, and sleep duration (continuous or <6 vs. ≥6 h) were not associated with fasting glucose, 2-h glucose, insulin sensitivity, or β-cell responses. CONCLUSIONS: In this baseline cross-sectional analysis of the RISE clinical trial of adults with prediabetes or recently diagnosed, untreated type 2 diabetes, the prevalence of OSA was high. Although some measures of OSA severity were associated with HbA1c, OSA severity and sleep duration were not associated with measures of insulin sensitivity or β-cell responses.
Authors: Jonathan E Shaw; Naresh M Punjabi; Matthew T Naughton; Leslee Willes; Richard M Bergenstal; Peter A Cistulli; Greg R Fulcher; Glenn N Richards; Paul Z Zimmet Journal: Am J Respir Crit Care Med Date: 2016-08-15 Impact factor: 21.405
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Authors: Han-Chow E Koh; Stephan van Vliet; Chao Cao; Bruce W Patterson; Dominic N Reeds; Richard Laforest; Robert J Gropler; Yo-El S Ju; Bettina Mittendorfer Journal: Eur J Endocrinol Date: 2022-02-23 Impact factor: 6.558
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