N Khantavee1, C Chanthick2, A Tungtrongchitr3, N Techakriengkrai1,4, S Suradhat1, N Sookrung5, S Roytrakul6, N Prapasarakul7,8. 1. Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. 2. Dermatology unit, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kasetsart University, 50 Paholyothin Road, Ladyao, Chatuchuk, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand. 3. Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand. 4. Diagnosis and Monitoring of Animal Pathogens Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. 5. Department of Research and Development, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, 2 Wanglang Road, Bangkoknoi, Bangkok, 10700, Thailand. 6. Proteomics Research Laboratory, National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (BIOTEC), Pathum Thani, 12120, Thailand. 7. Department of Veterinary Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. Nuvee.P@chula.ac.th. 8. Diagnosis and Monitoring of Animal Pathogens Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, 39 Henri-Dunant Road, Pathumwan, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand. Nuvee.P@chula.ac.th.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: In dogs with atopic dermatitis, intradermal testing (IDT) or allergen specific IgE serological testing are routinely employed to identify causative allergens. These allergens can then be used for allergen-specific immunotherapy and allergy management. The clinical relevance of this testing is affected by the source of allergen, and other biomarkers that are more related to specific allergens still need to be identified. The aim of this study was to investigate levels of specific IgE, total IgG, and IgG1 and IgG2 subclasses against the local house dust mites (HDM) Dermatophagoides farinae (DF) and D. pteronyssinus (DP) as biomarkers by using in-house ELISAs in healthy (n = 33) and atopic dogs (AD) (n = 44) that were either positive or negative by IDT to HDM. RESULTS: Being over 3 years of age was a risk factor for AD (Odds Ratio (OD) = 4.10, 95% Confidence interval (CI) 1.57-10.75, p = 0.0049), but there was no relation to IDT outcomes (OR = 0.9091, 95% CI 0.22-3.74, p = 1.00). High levels of all antibody isotypes (IgE, IgG, IgG1 and IgG2) against HDM were found in aged healthy dogs (> 3 years old). In AD, HDM-IgE and IgG1 levels were higher in dogs that were IDT positive to HDM than in IDT negative animals. Levels of IgE and IgG1 could be used to distinguish the specific allergens, whereas total IgG and IgG2 levels were not different between IDT-positive and IDT-negative AD. By the receiver operating characteristic curve at a false-positive rate = 0.10, both IgE and IgG1 showed better sensitivity than IgG and IgG2. Similar to IgE, serum IgG1 concentration was also relevant to IDT outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Our in-house ELISAs coated with local HDM were useful for evaluating antibody levels, and we propose use of the HDM-specific IgG1 subclass as a biomarker to detect HDM specific allergens in AD, potentially together with an IgE based platform.
BACKGROUND: In dogs with atopic dermatitis, intradermal testing (IDT) or allergen specific IgE serological testing are routinely employed to identify causative allergens. These allergens can then be used for allergen-specific immunotherapy and allergy management. The clinical relevance of this testing is affected by the source of allergen, and other biomarkers that are more related to specific allergens still need to be identified. The aim of this study was to investigate levels of specific IgE, total IgG, and IgG1 and IgG2 subclasses against the local house dust mites (HDM) Dermatophagoides farinae (DF) and D. pteronyssinus (DP) as biomarkers by using in-house ELISAs in healthy (n = 33) and atopic dogs (AD) (n = 44) that were either positive or negative by IDT to HDM. RESULTS: Being over 3 years of age was a risk factor for AD (Odds Ratio (OD) = 4.10, 95% Confidence interval (CI) 1.57-10.75, p = 0.0049), but there was no relation to IDT outcomes (OR = 0.9091, 95% CI 0.22-3.74, p = 1.00). High levels of all antibody isotypes (IgE, IgG, IgG1 and IgG2) against HDM were found in aged healthy dogs (> 3 years old). In AD, HDM-IgE and IgG1 levels were higher in dogs that were IDT positive to HDM than in IDT negative animals. Levels of IgE and IgG1 could be used to distinguish the specific allergens, whereas total IgG and IgG2 levels were not different between IDT-positive and IDT-negative AD. By the receiver operating characteristic curve at a false-positive rate = 0.10, both IgE and IgG1 showed better sensitivity than IgG and IgG2. Similar to IgE, serum IgG1 concentration was also relevant to IDT outcomes. CONCLUSIONS: Our in-house ELISAs coated with local HDM were useful for evaluating antibody levels, and we propose use of the HDM-specific IgG1 subclass as a biomarker to detect HDM specific allergens in AD, potentially together with an IgE based platform.
Authors: Stephanie Filep; Amy Tsay; Lisa D Vailes; Gabriele Gadermaier; Fatima Ferreira; Elizabeth Matsui; Eva M King; Martin D Chapman Journal: J Allergy Clin Immunol Date: 2012-01-24 Impact factor: 10.793