Cristina Lazcano1, Eric Boyd2,3, Gerald Holmes3, Shashika Hewavitharana3, Alexis Pasulka4, Kelly Ivors3. 1. Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616-8627, USA. clazcano@ucdavis.edu. 2. Department of Natural Resources Management and Environmental Sciences, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93407, USA. 3. Strawberry Center, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93407, USA. 4. Biological Sciences Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93407, USA.
Abstract
Microbial-root associations are important to help plants cope with abiotic and biotic stressors. Managing these interactions offers an opportunity for improving the efficiency and sustainability of agricultural production. By characterizing the bacterial and archaeal community (via 16S rRNA sequencing) associated with bulk and rhizosphere soil of sixteen strawberry cultivars in two controlled field studies, we explored the relationships between the soil microbiome and plant resistance to two soil-borne fungal pathogens (Verticillium dahliae and Macrophomina phaseolina). Overall, the plants had a distinctive and genotype-dependent rhizosphere microbiome with higher abundances of known beneficial bacteria such as Pseudomonads and Rhizobium. The rhizosphere microbiome played a significant role in the resistance to the two soil-borne pathogens as shown by the differences in microbiome between high and low resistance cultivars. Resistant cultivars were characterized by higher abundances of known biocontrol microorganisms including actinobacteria (Arthrobacter, Nocardioides and Gaiella) and unclassified acidobacteria (Gp6, Gp16 and Gp4), in both pathogen trials. Additionally, cultivars that were resistant to V. dahliae had higher rhizosphere abundances of Burkholderia and cultivars resistant to M. phaseolina had higher abundances of Pseudomonas. The mechanisms involved in these beneficial plant-microbial interactions and their plasticity in different environments should be studied further for the design of low-input disease management strategies.
Microbial-root associations are important to help plants cope with abiotic and biotic stressors. Managing these interactions offers anpan> opportunity for improving the efficienpan>cy anpan>d sustainability of agricultural production. By characterizing the bacterial anpan>d archaeal community (via 16S rRpan> class="Chemical">NA sequencing) associated with bulk and rhizosphere soil of sixteen strawberry cultivars in two controlled field studies, we explored the relationships between the soil microbiome and plant resistance to two soil-borne fungal pathogens (Verticillium dahliae and Macrophomina phaseolina). Overall, the plants had a distinctive and genotype-dependent rhizosphere microbiome with higher abundances of known beneficial bacteria such as Pseudomonads and Rhizobium. The rhizosphere microbiome played a significant role in the resistance to the two soil-borne pathogens as shown by the differences in microbiome between high and low resistance cultivars. Resistant cultivars were characterized by higher abundances of known biocontrol microorganisms including actinobacteria (Arthrobacter, Nocardioides and Gaiella) and unclassified acidobacteria (Gp6, Gp16 and Gp4), in both pathogen trials. Additionally, cultivars that were resistant to V. dahliae had higher rhizosphere abundances of Burkholderia and cultivars resistant to M. phaseolina had higher abundances of Pseudomonas. The mechanisms involved in these beneficial plant-microbial interactions and their plasticity in different environments should be studied further for the design of low-input disease management strategies.
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