Engineering of smart nanoconstructs for delivery of glucagon-like peptide-1 analogs.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are being increasingly exploited in clinical practice for management of type 2 diabetes mellitus due to their ability to lower blood glucose levels and reduce off-target effects of current therapeutics. Nanomaterials had viewed myriad breakthroughs in protecting peptides against degradation and carrying therapeutics to targeted sites for maximizing their pharmacological activity and overcoming limitations associated with their application. This review highlights the latest advances in designing smart multifunctional nanoconstructs and engineering targeted and stimuli-responsive nanoassemblies for delivery of GLP-1 receptor agonists. Furthermore, advanced nanoconstructs of sophisticated supramolecular assembly yet efficient delivery of GLP-1/GLP-1 analogs, nanodevices that mediate intrinsic GLP-1 secretion per se, and nanomaterials with capabilities to load additional moieties for synergistic antidiabetic effects, are demonstrated.