Anjali Sharma1, Donald R Hoover2, Qiuhu Shi3, Deborah R Gustafson4, Michael Plankey5, Phyllis C Tien6,7, Kathleen M Weber8, David E Vance9, Michelle Floris-Moore10, Hector H Bolivar11, Elizabeth T Golub12, Marcia M Holstad13, Michael T Yin14. 1. Department of Medicine, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY. 2. Department of Statistics and Institute for Health, Health Care Policy and Aging Research, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ. 3. Department of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Health Sciences and Practice, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY. 4. Department of Neurology, State University of New York Downstate Health Sciences University, Brooklyn, NY. 5. Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington DC. 6. Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center. 7. Division of Infectious Diseases, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA. 8. Department of Medicine, Cook County Health and Hospitals System/Hektoen Institute of Medicine, Chicago, IL. 9. Office of Research and Scholarship, School of Nursing, the University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL. 10. Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC. 11. Department of Medicin, University of Miami Health System, Miami, FL. 12. Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD. 13. Emory School of Nursing, Atlanta, GA; and. 14. Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Frailty may occur at younger ages among HIV+ populations. We evaluated associations of the frailty status with self-reported single and recurrent falls in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). METHODS: The frailty status was defined using the Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) among 897 HIV+ and 392 HIV- women; median age 53 years. Women were classified as robust (FFP 0), prefrail (FFP 1-2), and frail (FFP 3-5). Stepwise logistic regression models adjusting for the HIV status and study site were fit to evaluate associations of the FFP with self-reported single (1 vs. 0) and recurrent falls (≥2 vs. 0) over the prior 12 months. RESULTS: HIV+ women were less likely to be frail (9% vs. 14% vs. P = 0.009), but frequency of falls did not differ by the HIV status. In multivariate analyses, recurrent falls were more common among prefrail [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.23, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.40 to 3.57, P = 0.0008] and frail (AOR 3.61, 95% CI: 1.90 to 6.89, P < 0.0001) than robust women. Among HIV+ women, single (AOR 2.88, 95% CI: 1.16 to 7.20, P = 0.023) and recurrent falls (AOR 3.50, 95% CI: 1.24 to 9.88, P = 0.018) were more common among those who were frail; recurrent, but not single falls, were more common among prefrail than robust HIV+ women (AOR 2.00, 95% CI: 1.03 to 3.91, P = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS: HIV+ women were less likely to be frail. Compared with robust women, prefrail and frail women with and without HIV were more likely to experience single or recurrent falls within a 12-month period. Additional studies are needed to develop interventions that decrease development of frailty and reduce risk of recurrent falls among HIV+ women.
BACKGROUND: Frailty may occur at younger ages among HIV+ populations. We evaluated associations of the frailty status with self-reported single and recurrent falls in the Women's Interagency HIV Study (WIHS). METHODS: The frailty status was defined using the Fried Frailty Phenotype (FFP) among 897 HIV+ and 392 HIV- women; median age 53 years. Women were classified as robust (FFP 0), prefrail (FFP 1-2), and frail (FFP 3-5). Stepwise logistic regression models adjusting for the HIV status and study site were fit to evaluate associations of the FFP with self-reported single (1 vs. 0) and recurrent falls (≥2 vs. 0) over the prior 12 months. RESULTS: HIV+ women were less likely to be frail (9% vs. 14% vs. P = 0.009), but frequency of falls did not differ by the HIV status. In multivariate analyses, recurrent falls were more common among prefrail [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.23, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.40 to 3.57, P = 0.0008] and frail (AOR 3.61, 95% CI: 1.90 to 6.89, P < 0.0001) than robust women. Among HIV+ women, single (AOR 2.88, 95% CI: 1.16 to 7.20, P = 0.023) and recurrent falls (AOR 3.50, 95% CI: 1.24 to 9.88, P = 0.018) were more common among those who were frail; recurrent, but not single falls, were more common among prefrail than robust HIV+ women (AOR 2.00, 95% CI: 1.03 to 3.91, P = 0.042). CONCLUSIONS: HIV+ women were less likely to be frail. Compared with robust women, prefrail and frail women with and without HIV were more likely to experience single or recurrent falls within a 12-month period. Additional studies are needed to develop interventions that decrease development of frailty and reduce risk of recurrent falls among HIV+ women.
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