Deepak Balasubramanian1, Narayana Subramaniam1, Francesco Missale2,3,4, Filippo Marchi2,5, Yogesh Dokhe1, Smitha Vijayan6, Ajit Nambiar6, Davide Mattavelli7, Stefano Calza8,9,10, Lorenzo Bresciani11, Cesare Piazza11,12, Piero Nicolai13, Giorgio Peretti2,3, Krishnakumar Thankappan1, Subramania Iyer1. 1. Department of Head and Neck Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India. 2. IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy. 3. Department of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Genova, Genoa, Italy. 4. Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. 5. Department of Plastic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University and Medical College, Taoyuan, Taiwan. 6. Department of Pathology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Kochi, India. 7. Unit of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties, Radiological Sciences and Public Health, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. 8. Unit of Biostatistics, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. 9. Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden. 10. Big & Open Data Innovation Laboratory, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. 11. Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Maxillofacial and Thyroid Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS, National Cancer Institute of Milan, Milan, Italy. 12. Department of Oncology and Oncohematology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. 13. Section of Otorhinolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neurosciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Nomograms applying the 8th edition of the TNM staging system aimed at predicting overall (OS), disease-specific (DSS), locoregional recurrence-free (LRRFS) and distant recurrence-free survivals (DRFS) for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) are still lacking. METHODS: A training cohort of 438 patients with OTSCC was retrospectively enrolled from a single institution. An external validation set of 287 patients was retrieved from two independent institutions. RESULTS: Internal validation of the multivariable models for OS, DSS, DRFS and LRRFS showed a good calibration and discrimination results with optimism-corrected c-indices of 0.74, 0.75, 0.77 and 0.70, respectively. The external validation confirmed the good performance of OS, DSS and DRFS models (c-index 0.73 and 0.77, and 0.73, respectively) and a fair performance of the LRRFS model (c-index 0.58). CONCLUSIONS: The nomograms herein presented can be implemented as useful tools for prediction of OS, DSS, DRFS and LRRFS in OTSCC.
BACKGROUND: Nomograms applying the 8th edition of the TNM staging system aimed at predicting overall (OS), disease-specific (DSS), locoregional recurrence-free (LRRFS) and distant recurrence-free survivals (DRFS) for oral tongue squamous cell carcinoma (OTSCC) are still lacking. METHODS: A training cohort of 438 patients with OTSCC was retrospectively enrolled from a single institution. An external validation set of 287 patients was retrieved from two independent institutions. RESULTS: Internal validation of the multivariable models for OS, DSS, DRFS and LRRFS showed a good calibration and discrimination results with optimism-corrected c-indices of 0.74, 0.75, 0.77 and 0.70, respectively. The external validation confirmed the good performance of OS, DSS and DRFS models (c-index 0.73 and 0.77, and 0.73, respectively) and a fair performance of the LRRFS model (c-index 0.58). CONCLUSIONS: The nomograms herein presented can be implemented as useful tools for prediction of OS, DSS, DRFS and LRRFS in OTSCC.