Xiao-Cong Liu1, Guo-Dong He1, Kenneth Lo1,2,3, Yu-Qing Huang1, Ying-Qing Feng1. 1. Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China. 2. Department of Epidemiology, Center for Global Cardio-Metabolic Health, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States. 3. Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, China.
Abstract
Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index could serve as a convenient substitute of insulin resistance (IR), but epidemiological evidence on its relationship with the long-term risk of mortality is limited. Methods: Participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 1999-2014 were grouped according to TyG index (<8, 8-9, 9-10, >10). Cox regression was conducted to compute the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Restricted cubic spline and piecewise linear regression were performed to detect the shape of the relationship between TyG index and mortality. Results: A total of 19,420 participants (48.9% men) were included. On average, participants were followed-up for 98.2 months, and 2,238 (11.5%) and 445 (2.3%) cases of mortality due to all-cause or cardiovascular disease were observed. After adjusting for confounders, TyG index was independently associated with an elevated risk of all-cause (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.00-1.20) and cardiovascular death (HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.05-1.57). Spline analyses showed that the relationship of TyG index with mortality was non-linear (All non-linear P < 0.001), and the threshold value were 9.36 for all-cause and 9.52 for cardiovascular death, respectively. The HRs above the threshold point were 1.50 (95% CI, 1.29-1.75) and 2.35 (95% CI, 1.73-3.19) for all-cause and cardiovascular death. No significant difference was found below the threshold points (All P > 0.05). Conclusion: Elevated TyG index reflected a more severe IR and was associated with mortality due to all-cause and cardiovascular disease in a non-linear manner.
Background: The triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index could serve as a convenient substitute of insulin resistance (IR), but epidemiological evidence on its relationship with the long-term risk of mortality is limited. Methods:Participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey during 1999-2014 were grouped according to TyG index (<8, 8-9, 9-10, >10). Cox regression was conducted to compute the hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Restricted cubic spline and piecewise linear regression were performed to detect the shape of the relationship between TyG index and mortality. Results: A total of 19,420 participants (48.9% men) were included. On average, participants were followed-up for 98.2 months, and 2,238 (11.5%) and 445 (2.3%) cases of mortality due to all-cause or cardiovascular disease were observed. After adjusting for confounders, TyG index was independently associated with an elevated risk of all-cause (HR, 1.10; 95% CI, 1.00-1.20) and cardiovascular death (HR, 1.29; 95% CI, 1.05-1.57). Spline analyses showed that the relationship of TyG index with mortality was non-linear (All non-linear P < 0.001), and the threshold value were 9.36 for all-cause and 9.52 for cardiovascular death, respectively. The HRs above the threshold point were 1.50 (95% CI, 1.29-1.75) and 2.35 (95% CI, 1.73-3.19) for all-cause and cardiovascular death. No significant difference was found below the threshold points (All P > 0.05). Conclusion: Elevated TyG index reflected a more severe IR and was associated with mortality due to all-cause and cardiovascular disease in a non-linear manner.
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