Lingling Huang1,2, Chanisa Thonusin1,2,3, Nipon Chattipakorn1,2,3, Siriporn C Chattipakorn4,5,6. 1. Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. 2. Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. 3. Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. 4. Neurophysiology Unit, Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. siriporn.c@cmu.ac.th. 5. Center of Excellence in Cardiac Electrophysiology, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. siriporn.c@cmu.ac.th. 6. Department of Oral Biology and Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, 50200, Thailand. siriporn.c@cmu.ac.th.
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition that seriously threatens mother and child health. The incidence of GDM has increased worldwide in the past decades. In addition, the complications of GDM such as type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and neonatal malformations could negatively affect the living quality of mothers and their children. AIM: It has been widely known that the imbalance of gut microbiota or called 'gut dysbiosis' plays a key role in the development of insulin resistance and chronic low-grade inflammation in T2DM patients. However, the impacts of gut microbiota on GDM remain controversial. Here, we aim to comprehensively review the alterations of gut microbiota in GDM mothers and their offspring. RESULTS: The alterations of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, bacteria with probiotics properties and gram-negative lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-producing bacteria play a vital role in the development of GDM. The beneficial roles of gut microbiota modification (probiotics, synbiotics and lifestyle modification) as a treatment of GDM were found in some, but not all studies. CONCLUSION: In the near future, gut microbiota modification may be considered as one of the standard treatments for GDM. Moreover, further studies regarding the specific gut microbiota that are associated with the early development of GDM are required. This may contribute to the novel diagnostic markers for early stages of GDM.
BACKGROUND:Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a condition that seriously threatens mother and child health. The incidence of GDM has increased worldwide in the past decades. In addition, the complications of GDM such as type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and neonatal malformations could negatively affect the living quality of mothers and their children. AIM: It has been widely known that the imbalance of gut microbiota or called 'gut dysbiosis' plays a key role in the development of insulin resistance and chronic low-grade inflammation in T2DM patients. However, the impacts of gut microbiota on GDM remain controversial. Here, we aim to comprehensively review the alterations of gut microbiota in GDM mothers and their offspring. RESULTS: The alterations of Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio, short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, bacteria with probiotics properties and gram-negative lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-producing bacteria play a vital role in the development of GDM. The beneficial roles of gut microbiota modification (probiotics, synbiotics and lifestyle modification) as a treatment of GDM were found in some, but not all studies. CONCLUSION: In the near future, gut microbiota modification may be considered as one of the standard treatments for GDM. Moreover, further studies regarding the specific gut microbiota that are associated with the early development of GDM are required. This may contribute to the novel diagnostic markers for early stages of GDM.
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