Xin Du1,2,3, Lizhu Guo1, Shijun Xia1, Jing Du4, Craig Anderson2,3,5,6, Hisatomi Arima7, Mark Huffman8, Yiqiang Yuan9, Yang Zheng10, Shulin Wu11, Xuefeng Guang12, Xianhui Zhou13, Hongbo Lin14, Xiaoshu Cheng15, Jianzeng Dong1,16, Changsheng Ma17. 1. Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China. 2. Heart Health Research Centre, Beijing, China. 3. The George Institute for Global Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of New South Wales, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 4. Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing, China. 5. Neurology Department, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. 6. The George Institute China at Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, China. 7. Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Fukuoka University, Fukuoka, Japan. 8. Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA. 9. The Seventh People's Hospital of Zhengzhou, Zhengzhou, China. 10. Department of Cardiology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China. 11. Department of Cardiology, Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China. 12. Department of Cardiology, Yanan Hospital of Kunming, Kunming, China. 13. Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, China. 14. Yinzhou District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Ningbo, China. 15. Cardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China. 16. Cardiovascular Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Zhengzhou, China. 17. Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Clinical Research Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Beijing, China chshma@vip.sina.com.